Effect of Beta-1-3-Glucan and Mannans on Growth and Fitness of Starry Flounder (Platichthys Stellatus): A Potential New Candidate for Aquaculture in Temperate Regions

Abstract

Abstract:Continuously intensifying aquaculture demands reductions in pathogen infections without increased therapeutics use. A potential solution is the use of prebiotic feed additives like β-glucan and mannan oligosaccharides (MOS). This study focusses (1) on the effect of prebiotics glucan/MOS on growth and fitness of Starry flounder and (2) on the viability of Starry flounder as an aquaculture candidate (as it is considered in South Korea). Over 56-days, juvenile Starry flounder were fed with glucan/MOS enhanced diet and a control diet. Feeding behavior, growth rate, morphological and blood physiological parameters were monitored. Fish fed glucan/MOS enriched diets exhibited significantly increased growth over the experimental period (GLM, p<0.01). Concentrations of cholesterol (P=0.043) and albumin (P=0.016) were significantly increased in the blood plasma of fish fed glucan/MOS. Whole body proximate analysis revealed significantly elevated crude protein (P=<0.001) and lipid (P=<0.005) in fish fed glucan/MOS compared to the control. Significant improvements in growth, numerous fitness factors and product quality parameters can be achieved through glucan/MOS supplementation to P. stellatus. The observed growth performance and the feed conversion ratio, especially at low water temperatures, suggest Starry flounder is indeed a promising candidate for aquaculture in temperate regions. More detailed investigation, highlighting the economic and market perspective, is needed before introduction to commercial production. of health and growth performance. Finally, the feeding behaviour of the flatfish was observed to define its feeding requirements/ suitability under aquaculture conditions. Materials and Methods Origin of animals and experimental set-upStarry flounder juveniles were sourced from a private flatfish hatchery in Gangneung (South Korea). After transfer of the animals to the research facility of the Gangneung-Wonju National University (Marine Research and Education Centre) the fish were kept 2 weeks in a round tank (5,000 L) for acclimation. Prior to the experiment the fish were transferred to the experimental tanks and separated into sub-treatments as outlined in the following.The experimental setup consisted of 12 tanks of the same design (54 × 34 × 30 cm, 0.18 m², water level 20 cm ≈ 37 L volume), equipped with adjustable water inlet and outlet pipes and aeration. The entire experimental device was connected to the flow-through system of the research facility. The fresh seawater was pumped from the sea and filtered in sedimentation tanks before it entered the main water storage tank that provided a constant water flow to the experimental sub-devices. The flow-through rate per tank was about 0.6 L * min -1 .Altogether 480 fish with an initial mean body weight of 8.13 (± 2.42) and initial mean standard length of 80.48 mm (± 6.06 mm) were divided into the 12 experimental tanks, resulting in 40 individuals per tank (stocking density 222 fish or 1.81 kg per m²). To ensure equal biomass range per tank, the f...

Effects of Growth Promoter-Enriched Farm-Made Feeds on the Growth, Flesh Quality and Economics of Labeo rohita Culture

“…Significantly higher crude lipid content (2.26±0.03%) was also found in the flesh of fish supplemented with CG compared to other treatments. High lipid content in fish bodies due to the feeding of β-glucan enriched feed is previously described by Schmidt et al [42] in starry flounder and reasoned with enhanced blood parameters, albumin and cholesterol concentration. Increased lipid content in red sea bream (Pagrus major) as a result of β-glucan inclusion in the diet has also been reported by Mohebbi et al [40] However, decreased level of body lipid content with an increased amount of βglucan in the diet has been written by Hoang et al [34] in young pompano fish (Trachinotus ovatus).…”

Yeast as major protein‐rich ingredient in aquafeeds: a review of the implications for aquaculture production

“…Many reports have concluded that dietary inclusion of MOS can positively influence health and growth performance of fish, including Atlantic salmon (Refstie et al 2010), rainbow trout (Staykov et al 2007; Yilmaz et al 2007), European sea bass (Torrecillas et al 2011; Torrecillas et al 2012) and rohu (Andrews et al 2009). Furthermore, dietary MOS can be used to modulate gut morphology (Eryalçin et al 2017; Schmidt et al 2017) and to enhance skin mucous barrier function in fish (Micallef et al 2017). The most recognised mechanism of action associated with MOS is its ability to bind to enteropathogenic bacteria, preventing host colonisation (Torrecillas et al 2014).…”

“…Torrecillas et al 2012) and rohu (Andrews et al 2009). Furthermore, dietary MOS can be used to modulate gut morphology (Eryalçin et al 2017;Schmidt et al 2017) and to enhance skin mucous barrier function in fish (Micallef et al 2017). The most recognised mechanism of action associated with MOS is its ability to bind to enteropathogenic bacteria, preventing host colonisation (Torrecillas et al 2014).…”

“…Torrecillas et al 2012) and rohu(Andrews et al 2009). Furthermore, dietary MOS can be used to modulate gut morphology(Eryalc ¸in et al 2017;Schmidt et al 2017) and to enhance skin mucous barrier function in fish…”

The effect of feeding a novel multistrain yeast fraction on European seabass (Dicentrachus labrax) intestinal health and growth performance

“…Many reports have concluded that the dietary inclusion of MOS can positively influence the health and performance of poultry, swine, and fish (Carbone & Faggio, 2016;Ferket, Parks, & Grimes, 2002;Kogan & Kocher, 2007;Torrecillas, Montero, & Izquierdo, 2014). Several recent reports have demonstrated the effectiveness of MOS in enhancing the health and growth performance of fish, including juvenile striped catfish, Pangasiandon hypophthalmus (Akter, Sutriana, Talpur, & Hashim, 2016) and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Mínguez, Webster, & Villa, 2016); improving the gut morphology of starry flounder, Platichthys stellatus (Schmidt et al, 2017) and gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata (Eryalçin et al, 2017); and modulating the skin mucous barrier of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar (Micallef et al, 2017). Although these studies are not directly comparable in terms of dietary regimes, rearing conditions, MOS products, and doses, it is likely that the molecular structure of MOS plays a significant role in the functional effects on the host's intestinal barrier response and physiology (Schiavone et al, 2014).…”