Effect of bioactive extracts with high cytokinin content from micelial biomass of Hericium coralloides and Fomitopsis officinalis on tumor cells in vitro

Abstract

Phytohormones cytokinins are known to promote cell division in plants. Contrary, in animal's and human's tissues they induce apoptosis and block the cell cycle of a wide spectrum of tumour cells. Therapeutic effects of cytokinins, specifically their anticancer and immunomodulatory actions are similar to those of medicinal mushrooms. We detected cytokinins in mycelial biomass of two species of medicinal mushrooms growing in vitro (Fomitopsis officinalis strain 5004 and Hericium coralloides strain 2332) using HPLC-MS. Trans-zeatin, zeatin riboside, zeatin-O-glucoside and isopentenyladenine were found. Crude extracts and purified cytokinin fractions from mycelial biomass were tested on the growth and development of cultures of tumor cells lines: Hela (MTT-assay), T24/83 (viability and level apoptotic cells) and HepG2 (consumption of glucose). The effect of cytokinin fraction from mycelial biomass of Fomitopsis officinalis on pathogenic cells was higher compared to Hericium coralloides one. The data obtained revealed a higher cytotoxic/cytostatic effect of the purified cytokinin fractions in comparison with crude methanolic extracts; also higher apoptotic index was found. Under the influence of the test agents the intensification of glucose uptake into cells was observed. This indicator was higher for crude mushroom mycelium extracts, whereas under the action of purified fractions the glucose uptake rate was lower, thus decreased glycolysis level was recorded. Also, the effect of both crude extract and purified fraction from H. coralloides mycelial biomass on glucose uptake in the conditioned medium was lower against F. officinalis.These results confirm the assumption that biologically active substances of medicinal mushrooms with high pharmacological potential include cytokinins.

Achievements of scien­tists of «Plant growth and development, physiologically active substances» section of the Ukrainian society of plant physiologists (2018—2019)

“…Åôåêòè öèòîê³í³íîâèõ ôðàêö³é ì³öåë³àëüíî¿ á³îìàñè Fomitopsis officinalis âèÿâèëèñü âèðàçí³øèìè. Îò-ðèìàí³ ðåçóëüòàòè ï³äòâåðäèëè, ùî äî êîìïëåêñó á³îëîã³÷íî àêòèâíèõ ðå÷îâèí ë³êàðñüêèõ ãðèá³â ³ç âèñîêèì ôàðìàêîëîã³÷íèì ïîòåíö³àëîì âõîäÿòü öèòîê³í³íè [32].…”