Effect of bioactive glasses containing strontium and potassium on dentin permeability

Abstract

Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is characterized by pain caused by an external stimulus on exposed dentin. Different therapeutic approaches have been proposed to mitigate this problem; however, none of them provide permanent pain relief. In this study, we synthesized and characterized experimental bioactive glasses containing 3.07 mol% SrO or 3.36 mol% K 2 O (both equivalent to 5 wt% in the glass), and evaluated their effect on dentin permeability to verify their potential to treat DH. The experimental materials were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction to confirm the respective structures and chemical compositions. The reduction in the hydraulic conductance of dentin was evaluated at the three stages: minimum permeability; maximum permeability (24% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA] treatment); and final dentin permeability after treatment with the bioactive glasses. They all promoted a reduction in dentin permeability, with a significant difference for each sample and posttreatment group. Also, a significant reduction in dentin permeability was observed even after a simulated toothbrushing test, demonstrating effective action of these materials against DH. Besides, incorporating 3.07 mol% SrO was a positive factor. Therefore, strontium's desensitizing and re-mineralizing properties can be further exploited in bioactive glasses to promote a synergistic effect to treat DH.

Co‐doping of iron and copper ions in nanosized bioactive glass by reactive laser fragmentation in liquids

“…Many researchers have doped BG with various ions to enhance the beneficial nature of BG 12 . Therapeutic inorganic ions such as iron (Fe), 13 copper (Cu), 14 zinc (Zn), 15 strontium (Sr), 16 gallium (Ga), 17 and cerium (Ce) 18 are considered to be suitable bioactive dopants, which replace the Ca or P sites in the network 19–20 . Even co‐doping of inorganic ions (Co, Mg or Zn) into the BG network has been performed to achieve multiple beneficial functions 16,21 …”

“…12 Therapeutic inorganic ions such as iron (Fe), 13 copper (Cu), 14 zinc (Zn), 15 strontium (Sr), 16 gallium (Ga), 17 and cerium (Ce) 18 are considered to be suitable bioactive dopants, which replace the Ca or P sites in the network. [19][20] Even co-doping of inorganic ions (Co, Mg or Zn) into the BG network has been performed to achieve multiple beneficial functions. 16,21 To incorporate metal cations into BG, melt-quenching, sol-gel and ion-exchange are the common strategies using a direct mixture of metallic salts 12 or their oxides 18 with precursors of glass composition.…”

Synergistic effect of ion-releasing fillers on the remineralization and mechanical properties of resin–dentin bonding interfaces

“…Numerous studies have demonstrated that BAG can combine with a suitable carrier to stimulate apatite formation in dentin [140][141][142]. Table 3 summarizes the studies on BAG fillers in remineralizing the resindentin bonding interface and improving the mechanical properties.…”