Effect of Body Position on Echocardiographic Parameters in Prairie Rattlesnakes (Crotalus Viridis)

Gross and Ultrasonographic Anatomy of the Coelomic Organs of Healthy Axolotls (Ambystoma Mexicanum)

“…7,21,32,42 Ultrasound examination of reptiles and amphibians are frequently conducted under chemical or physical restraint. 2-4,6-8,13,21,27, 30,32,33,37,41,42 In this study, the ultrasonographic appearance of major coelomic organs was reported in conscious, unrestrained axolotls in ventral recumbency, thereby lessening the possible effects of stress, sedation, and physical compression of the coelomic organs. 7,27,41 All major coelomic organs could be identified using this method, although the intestinal loops were difficult to assess, and pancreas and adrenal glands were not located.…”

“…2-4,6-8,13,21,27, 30,32,33,37,41,42 In this study, the ultrasonographic appearance of major coelomic organs was reported in conscious, unrestrained axolotls in ventral recumbency, thereby lessening the possible effects of stress, sedation, and physical compression of the coelomic organs. 7,27,41 All major coelomic organs could be identified using this method, although the intestinal loops were difficult to assess, and pancreas and adrenal glands were not located. Cardiac findings supplement previous findings about cardiac function and hemodynamics in sedated versus conscious axolotls, especially concerning ventricular wall thickness and heart rate in conscious and unrestrained animals.…”

Estudo comparativo da silhueta cardíaca de serpentes da espécie Boa constrictor imperator

“…Afecções cardíacas congênitas foram descritas, porém são incomuns. Causas nutricionais de doenças cardíacas também têm sido descritas em répteis, como a mineralização distrófica de vasos principais devido ao hiperparatireoidismo nutricional secundário (VINCENT et al, 2021). A radiografia é um dos exames complementares de eleição para o diagnóstico precoce de cardiomiopatias devido ao custo-benefício, além de ser um procedimento não invasivo, causando pouco estresse ao animal (HERNANDEZ-DIVERS, 2008).…”