Effect of Bothrops insularis venom on the mouse and chick nerve-muscle preparation

Cogo, José Carlos; Prado-Franceschi, J.; Cruz-Höfling, M.A.; Corrado, A.P.; Rodrigues‐Simioni, Léa

doi:10.1016/0041-0101(93)90397-2

Cited by 56 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The fact that the BrtX-I from Bothrops moojeni did not significantly affect the response to ACh and KCl, except when high doses were used, suggests that the venom presents a primordial presynaptic nature. Such neuromuscular blockade characteristics have been attributed to presynaptic-acting PLA 2 from snake [45, 46] as those of Crotalus durissus terrificus [47], Micrurus species [48, 49], and other Bothrops , Bothrops insularis [50], Bothrops pauloensis [47, 51], and Bothriopsis bilineata smargadina [52], which did not show any detectable effect on the nicotinic receptor and, in some cases, showed only a mild muscle alteration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Characterization and Pharmacological Properties of New Basic PLA₂BrTX-I Isolated fromBothrops roedingeri(Roedinger's Lancehead) Mertens, 1942, Snake Venom

Heleno

Baldasso

Ponce-Soto

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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BrTX-I, a PLA2, was purified from Bothrops roedingeri venom after only one chromatographic step using reverse-phase HPLC on μ-Bondapak C-18 column. A molecular mass of 14358.69 Da was determined by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Amino acid analysis showed a high content of hydrophobic and basic amino acids as well as 14 half-cysteine residues. The total amino acid sequence was obtained using SwissProt database and showed high amino acid sequence identity with other PLA2 from snake venom. The amino acid composition showed that BrTX-I has a high content of Lys, Tyr, Gly, Pro, and 14 half-Cys residues, typical of a basic PLA2. BrTX-I presented PLA2 activity and showed a minimum sigmoidal behavior, reaching its maximal activity at pH 8.0, 35–45°C, and required Ca2+. In vitro, the whole venom and BrTX-I caused a neuromuscular blockade in biventer cervicis preparations in a similar way to other Bothrops species. BrTX-I induced myonecrosis and oedema-forming activity analyzed through injection of the purified BrTX-I in mice. Since BrTX-I exerts a strong proinflammatory effect, the enzymatic phospholipid hydrolysis might be relevant for these phenomena; incrementing levels of IL-1, IL-6, and TNFα were observed at 15 min, 30 min, one, two, and six hours postinjection, respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Characterization and Pharmacological Properties of New Basic PLA₂BrTX-I Isolated fromBothrops roedingeri(Roedinger's Lancehead) Mertens, 1942, Snake Venom

Heleno

Baldasso

Ponce-Soto

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

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“…Although neurotoxicity has been demonstrated in vitro (4,5,9,10,12,44,46,53) and in vivo (9, 53) for various Bothrops venoms, there is no conclusive evidence for such an effect after snakebite in humans. In vitro, the neurotoxicity of BNP venom is mainly presynaptic (4,5,12,44,53), although its potency varies from sample to sample (5).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and n-terminal sequencing of two presynaptic neurotoxic PLA2, neuwieditoxin-I and neuwieditoxin-II, from Bothrops neuwiedi pauloensis (jararaca pintada) venom

Oliveira¹,

Kassab²,

Soares³

et al. 2007

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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ABSTRACT:Two presynaptic phospholipases A 2 (PLA 2 ), neuwieditoxin-I (NeuTX-I) and neuwieditoxin-II (NeuTX-II), were isolated from the venom of Bothrops neuwiedi pauloensis (BNP). The venom was fractionated using molecular exclusion HPLC (Protein-Pak 300SW column), followed by reverse phase HPLC (μBondapak C18 column). Tricine-SDS-PAGE in the presence or absence of dithiothreitol showed that NeuTX-I and NeuTX-II had a molecular mass of approximately 14 kDa and 28kDa, respectively. At 10μg/ml, both toxins produced complete neuromuscular blockade in indirectly stimulated chick biventer cervicis isolated preparation without inhibiting the response to acetylcholine, but NeuTX-II reduced the response to KCl by 67.0±8.0% (n=3; p<0.05). NeuTX-I and NeuTX-II are probably responsible for the presynaptic neurotoxicity of BNP venom in vitro. In fact, using loose patch clamp technique for mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation, NeuTX-I produced a calcium-dependent blockade of acetylcholine release and caused appearance of giant miniature end-plate potentials (mepps), indicating a pure presynaptic action. The N-terminal sequence of NeuTX-I was DLVQFGQMILKVAGRSLPKSYGAYGCYCGWGGRGK (71% homology with bothropstoxin-II and 54% homology with caudoxin) and that of NeuTX-II was SLFEFAKMILEETKRLPFPYYGAYGCYCGWGGQGQPKDAT (92% homology with Basp-III and 62% homology with crotoxin PLA2). The fact that NeuTX-I has Q-4 (Gln-4) and both toxins have F-5 (Phe-5) and Y-28 (Tyr-28) strongly suggests that NeuTX-I and NeuTX-II are Asp49 PLA 2 .

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“…This species is more arboreal than mainland B. jararaca ; its diet is predominantly based on migrant passerine birds (Martins et al . 2001), its venom being very effective in killing this prey (Cogo et al . 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeography of the Bothrops jararaca complex (Serpentes: Viperidae): past fragmentation and island colonization in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

et al. 2006

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The Brazilian Atlantic Forest is one of the world's major biodiversity hotspots and is threatened by a severe habitat loss. Yet little is known about the processes that originated its remarkable richness of endemic species. Here we present results of a large-scale survey of the genetic variation at the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of the pitviper, jararaca lancehead (Bothrops jararaca), and two closely related insular species (Bothrops insularis and Bothrops alcatraz), endemic of this region. Phylogenetic and network analyses revealed the existence of two well-supported clades, exhibiting a southern and a northern distribution. The divergence time of these two phylogroups was estimated at 3.8 million years ago, in the Pliocene, a period of intense climatic changes and frequent fragmentation of the tropical rainforest. Our data also suggest that the two groups underwent a large size expansion between 50,000 and 100,000 years ago. However, the southern group showed a more marked signal of population size fluctuation than the northern group, corroborating evidences that southern forests may have suffered a more pronounced reduction in area in the late Pleistocene. The insular species B. alcatraz and B. insularis presented very low diversity, each one sharing haplotypes with mainland individuals placed in different subclades. Despite their marked morphological and behavioural uniqueness, these two insular species seem to have originated very recently and most likely from distinct costal B. jararaca populations, possibly associated with late Pleistocene or Holocene sea level fluctuations.

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Effect of Bothrops insularis venom on the mouse and chick nerve-muscle preparation

Cited by 56 publications

References 15 publications

Biochemical Characterization and Pharmacological Properties of New Basic PLA₂BrTX-I Isolated fromBothrops roedingeri(Roedinger's Lancehead) Mertens, 1942, Snake Venom

Biochemical Characterization and Pharmacological Properties of New Basic PLA₂BrTX-I Isolated fromBothrops roedingeri(Roedinger's Lancehead) Mertens, 1942, Snake Venom

Purification and n-terminal sequencing of two presynaptic neurotoxic PLA2, neuwieditoxin-I and neuwieditoxin-II, from Bothrops neuwiedi pauloensis (jararaca pintada) venom

Phylogeography of the Bothrops jararaca complex (Serpentes: Viperidae): past fragmentation and island colonization in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

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Effect of Bothrops insularis venom on the mouse and chick nerve-muscle preparation

Cited by 56 publications

References 15 publications

Biochemical Characterization and Pharmacological Properties of New Basic PLA2BrTX-I Isolated fromBothrops roedingeri(Roedinger's Lancehead) Mertens, 1942, Snake Venom

Biochemical Characterization and Pharmacological Properties of New Basic PLA2BrTX-I Isolated fromBothrops roedingeri(Roedinger's Lancehead) Mertens, 1942, Snake Venom

Purification and n-terminal sequencing of two presynaptic neurotoxic PLA2, neuwieditoxin-I and neuwieditoxin-II, from Bothrops neuwiedi pauloensis (jararaca pintada) venom

Phylogeography of the Bothrops jararaca complex (Serpentes: Viperidae): past fragmentation and island colonization in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

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Biochemical Characterization and Pharmacological Properties of New Basic PLA₂BrTX-I Isolated fromBothrops roedingeri(Roedinger's Lancehead) Mertens, 1942, Snake Venom

Biochemical Characterization and Pharmacological Properties of New Basic PLA₂BrTX-I Isolated fromBothrops roedingeri(Roedinger's Lancehead) Mertens, 1942, Snake Venom