Effect of cashew nut shell liquid feeding on fermentation and microbiota in the rumen of Thai native cattle and swamp buffaloes

Network analysis and functional estimation of the microbiome reveal the effects of cashew nut shell liquid feeding on methanogen behaviour in the rumen

“…Moreover, the CNSL feeding affected the proportion of SCFA, and it significantly increased the proportion of propionate (Fig. S3), which agrees with other reports of CNSL feeding experiments (Shinkai et al ., 2012; Konda et al ., 2019). The effect of the CNSL feeding on feed digestibility was also small.…”

“…Several research groups have reported that the use of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) as a feed additive can mitigate enteric CH 4 emissions by 18%–73% in vitro (Watanabe et al ., 2010; Watanabe et al ., 2010; Danielsson et al ., 2014) and by 19.3%–38.3% in vivo (Shinkai et al ., 2012; Konda et al ., 2019). CNSL is a by‐product of cashew processing that consists mainly of anacardic acid, cardol and some other phenols; it is usually used for brake linings or surface coatings, or more recently for green diesel production (Lomonaco et al ., 2013; Scaldaferri and Pasa, 2019), and it has an antimicrobial activity for several microbial species (Muroi and Kubo, 1993; Muroi and Kubo, 1996; Green et al ., 2007; Rivero‐Cruz et al ., 2011; da Silva et al ., 2016).…”

Phenotypic diversity characterization of Kalang and Thale Noi Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) in Indonesia and Thailand: Perspectives for the buffalo breeding development

“…The significance of conducting buffalo development research is to fill the gap in the fundamental science behind the diversity of KBuf/TBuf breeds. Previous research only reported the productivity and epidemiology of diseases of buffaloes and provided limited information on genotypic and phenotypic characterization (Eriani et al 2019;Konda et al 2019;Pratama et al 2019;Yaemkong et al 2019;Priyono et al 2018;Terkawi et al 2011;Komariah et al 2014;Chaikhun et al 2010). Therefore, the exploration of phenotypic diversity and variation in KBuf/TBuf is necessary to assess the important aspects suitable for their breeding and development.…”

The use of plant bioactive compounds to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from farmed ruminants

“…The use of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) as a feed additive reduced CH4 emissions in Holstein cows by −19% and −38% in a dosedependent manner (Shinkai et al, 2012). The anti-methanogenic effect of CNSL was also observed in Thai native cattle and buffaloes (Konda et al, 2019). These changes in CH4 were observed along with increases in propionate and decreases in acetate in the rumen.…”

“…It has antimic activity, particularly against gram-positive bacteria. In the rumen, it decreased the numbers of H2-and formateproducing bacteria such as Ruminococcus flavefaciens, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Treponema bryantii, whereas succinate-producing bacteria such as Prevotella spp., Selenomonas ruminantium, Anaerovibrio lipolytica and Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens increased (Shinkai et al, 2012;Konda et al, 2019). Methanogen numbers also decrease with changes in the community composition (Shinkai et al, 2012;Kang et al, 2018).…”