Effect of chromium and titanium on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cast steel

Abstract

This paper investigates the effect of chromium and titanium on the microstructure and mechanical properties of cast steel. The analysis was conducted on a material covered by patent Pat.243157, using advanced techniques including dilatometric analysis, light microscopy (LM), and both scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy. The study examines the material in various states: as-cast, quenched, and quenched followed by tempering at 200?C, 400?C, and 600?C. Key mechanical properties such as hardness, yield strength, percentage elongation, percentage reduction of area after fracture, and impact toughness at temperatures ranging from -40?C to +20?C were evaluated. The results were compared to those obtained for a reference cast steel lacking these alloying elements, allowing for a detailed assessment of the impact of chromium and titanium. The research begins with a comprehensive literature review on the effects of these elements in iron-based alloys. The findings highlight the influence of chromium and titanium on the mechanical performance and microstructural evolution of cast steel. Results demonstrate the critical role of these elements in enhancing mechanical strength, particularly after quenching and tempering, although the trade-offs in ductility and impact toughness are evident. Additionally, the study discusses the damage mechanisms, particularly focusing on the role of titanium nitrides in the cracking process.