Effect of CO2 Injection on the Multiphase Flow Properties of Reservoir Rock

Kim, Kiseok; Kundzicz, Patrick M.; Makhnenko, Roman Y.

doi:10.1007/s11242-023-01916-6

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…With the contact angles reported here and knowledge of the scCO 2 -brine IFT at subsurface conditions, Hg-air capillary pressure measurements can be converted to subsurface scCO 2 -brine conditions : During the short-term experiments, the predominant geochemical reactions were directed toward altering carbonate minerals, leaving the capillary properties of the quartz-rich sandstone largely unaffected within the experimental duration. The sandstone exhibited minimal reactivity, which aligns with findings in similar studies conducted over comparable timeframes and under analogous experimental conditions [91,[117][118][119][120]. It is conceivable that extended treatment periods (0.5-1.5 years) might reveal some level of reactivity with quartz [69,104], although this is less likely to substantially influence surface wettability, as suggested by the consistently unaltered contact angles reported in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Geochemical reactions arising from the dissolution of scCO 2 in brine have been experimentally proven to impact the microstructure of storage zones [89][90][91] and confining zones [60,69,73,[92][93][94][95][96][97][98] even at short treatment times of typically few weeks. The impact on storage zones is commonly observed by dynamic injection flooding of scCO 2 -enriched brine in limestone core samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dynamic scCO 2enriched brine injection tests on limestone cores show strong calcite dissolution and enlargement of pore throats in the inlet of the core, followed by slight mineral precipitation in the far region [89,90]. Additionally, an increase in the limestone scCO 2 -wettability was observed after scCO 2 -enriched brine treatment [90,91].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Recent studies have evaluated the role of geochemical alterations induced by scCO2brine interactions in the capillary properties of the storage zone [89][90][91] and confining zone [60,69,73,[92][93][94][95][96][97][98]. Due to their high reactivity, limestones are generally the storage rock of focus, given that the reactivity of sandstones (mainly quartz) is extremely slow and pH-independent [16,83].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A secondary alteration of feldspars can occur when the concentration of calcium ions deriving from the dissolution of carbonates plus originally occurring in the brine is considerable [80,88]. An example is the dissolution of albite consuming Ca 2+ and leading to the precipitation of calcite and kaolinite [80]: Recent studies have evaluated the role of geochemical alterations induced by scCO 2 -brine interactions in the capillary properties of the storage zone [89][90][91] and confining zone [60,69,73,[92][93][94][95][96][97][98]. Due to their high reactivity, limestones are generally the storage rock of focus, given that the reactivity of sandstones (mainly quartz) is extremely slow and pH-independent [16,83].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Geochemical Reactivity on ScCO2–Brine–Rock Capillary Displacement: Implications for Carbon Geostorage

Cruz,

Dang,

Curtis

et al. 2023

Energies

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The displacement efficiency of supercritical CO2 (scCO2) injection in the storage zone and its primary trapping mechanism in the confining zone are strongly tied to the capillary phenomenon. Previous studies have indicated that the capillary phenomenon can be affected by geochemical reactivity induced by scCO2 dissolution in formation brine. To quantify such changes, thin disk samples representing a sandstone storage reservoir, siltstone confining zone, and mudstone confining zone were treated under a scCO2-enriched brine static condition for 21 days at 65 °C and 20.7 MPa. Geochemical alterations were assessed at the surface level using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence. Before and after treatment, the wettability of the scCO2–brine–rock systems was determined using the captive-bubble method at fluid-equilibrated conditions. Pore size distributions of the bulk rocks were obtained with mercury injection capillary pressure, nuclear magnetic resonance, and isothermal nitrogen adsorption. The results indicate the dissolution of calcite at the surface, while other potentially reactive minerals (e.g., clays, feldspars, and dolomite) remain preserved. Despite alteration of the surface mineralogy, the measured contact angles in the scCO2–brine–rocks systems do not change significantly. Contact angle values of 42 ± 2° for sandstone and 36 ± 2° for clay-rich siltstone/calcite-rich mudstone were determined before and after treatment. The rocks studied here maintained their water-wettability at elevated conditions and after geochemical reactivity. It is also observed that surface alteration by geochemical effects did not impact the pore size distributions or porosities of the thin disk samples after treatment. These results provide insights into understanding the impact of short-term geochemical reactions on the scCO2–brine capillary displacement in the storage zone and the risks associated with scCO2 breakthrough in confining zones.

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