Effect of contact time on the properties of cellulose, cellulose acetate and its film from various wastes

Zakaria, Salamiah; Rahman, Wahida Abdul; Anuar, Nur Syazwani; Zain, Noor Zatus-Shima Mohamad; Lokman, Khairunnisa; Anuar, Nur Nabilah Khairul; Majid, Noor Aishatun; Ismail, Sharifah Nafisah Syed

doi:10.1063/5.0042895

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Regarding this information, if we go back to Figure 5 d, the endothermic peak located at T 2 = 224.74 °C is associated with the melting temperature (T m ) point of the CAFB sample. This melting temperature is slightly lower than the melting temperature range for cellulose acetate (CA) (230–300 °C), but truly, the obtained T m is the characteristic for fibrous cellulose with the extent of modification (DS) of DS ≈ 2.5 (CDA) [ 45 , 46 ]. After the temperature T 2 (=T m ), there is another endotherm situated at a temperature of 285.95 °C, and this can be attributed to the deacetylation reaction (T deacet. )…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion Behavior of Cellulose Ester Fibrous Bundles from Used Cigarette Filters: Kinetic Analysis Study

Veljković,

Dodevski,

Marinović-Cincović

et al. 2024

Polymers

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This study is focused on the detailed examination of the combustion properties and kinetic analysis of a cellulose acetate fibrous bundle (CAFB), separated from used cigarette filters. It was shown that the faster rate of CAFB heating allows a large amount of heat to be supplied to a combustion system in the initial stages, where the increase in heating rate has a positive response to ignition behavior. The best combustion stability of CAFB is achieved at the lowest heating rate. Through the use of different kinetic methods, it was shown that combustion takes place through two series of consecutive reaction steps and one independent single-step reaction. By optimizing the kinetic parameters within the proposed reaction models, it was found that the steps related to the generation of levoglucosenone (LGO) (by catalytic dehydration of levoglucosan (LG)) and acrolein (by breakdown of glycerol during CAFB burning—which was carried out through glycerol adsorption on a TiO2 surface in a the developed dehydration mechanism) represent rate-controlling steps, which are strongly controlled by applied heating rate. Isothermal predictions have shown that CAFB manifests very good long-term stability at 60 °C (which corresponds to storage in a sea shipping container), while at 200 °C, it shows a sudden loss in thermal stability, which is related to the physical properties of the sample.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion Behavior of Cellulose Ester Fibrous Bundles from Used Cigarette Filters: Kinetic Analysis Study

Veljković,

Dodevski,

Marinović-Cincović

et al. 2024

Polymers

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“…The 1620-1670 cm -1 transmittances represent the C=O of lignin aromatic ring vibrations. While the peak of wave numbers ~1725 cm -1 is a specific area of hemicellulose absorption with a distinct C=O functional group [37]. FTIR data trend in Figure 2 shows that transmittance in the 1000-2000 cm -1 was significantly changed because of lignin degradation during pretreatment using AHP.…”

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

Delignification of Cassava Peel by Using Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide Method: Study of Peroxide Concentration, Solid/Liquid Ratio, and pH

Damajanti¹,

Mustholidah²,

Hariyanti³

2022

J. Tek. Kim. Ling

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Kulit singkong merupakan bahan alami dengan kandungan selulosa mencapai 33.33%. Dalam rangka pemanfaatan kulit singkong sebagai alternatif polimer alam maupun energi terbarukan, maka diperlukan proses delignifikasi untuk memisahkan selulosa dari hemiselulosa dan lignin yang menghalangi penetrasi cairan penghidrolisis selulosa. Metode yang dipilih adalah delignifikasi dengan metode alkali hidrogen peroksida (AHP). Metode AHP dilakukan berdasarkan prinsip autooksidasi oleh hidrogen peroksida (H2O2) basa. Metode ini dipilih karena dapat merusak struktur lignoselulosa dengan energi yang relatif rendah dan lebih selektif terhadap lignin. Walaupun demikian, pada kondisi tertentu penggunaan AHP dapat memicu depolimerisasi karbohidrat yang mengakibatkan penurunan yield. Oleh karenanya perlu dipelajari pengaruh konsentrasi H2O2, rasio Solid/Liquid (S/L) (b/v), serta pH terhadap efektivitas penghilangan lignin pada kulit singkong. Konsentrasi H2O2 divariasikan menjadi 1.5%, 3%, 4.5%, 6%, dan 7.5%. Rasio S/L divariasikan menjadi 1:3, 1:5, 1:7, 1:9, 1:12. pH larutan divariasikan menjadi 8, 9, 10, 11, dan 12. Suhu reaksi dijaga pada rentang 70-90°C selama 3 jam reaksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lignin dapat diturunkan hingga 84,05% selama 3 jam reaksi. Kondisi yang diperlukan untuk mencapai kondisi tersebut adalah: Konsentrasi H2O2 sebesar 6%, rasio S/L 1:5 dan pH larutan 11. Reaksi yang dilakukan dengan kondisi tersebut juga dapat meningkatkan jumlah selulosa dari 33.33% hingga 49.00%.Cassava peel is a natural material with cellulose content reaching 33.33%. In order to utilize cassava peel as a biodegradable polymer and renewable energy alternative, a delignification process is essential to separate cellulose from hemicellulose and lignin, which prevents the penetration of cellulose hydrolyzer. The delignification method chosen in this study was alkaline hydrogen peroxide (AHP). The AHP is based on the autoxidation of lignin using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in an alkaline environment. This method was chosen because it can damage the lignocellulosic structure with relatively low energy and is more selective for lignin. However, under certain conditions, AHP can trigger carbohydrate depolymerization, which decreases yield. Therefore, it is necessary to study the effect of H2O2 concentration, Solid/Liquid ratio (S/L) (w/v), and pH to evaluate the effectiveness of lignin removal in cassava peel. The concentration of H2O2 was varied into 1.5%, 3%, 4.5%, 6%, and 7.5%. The S/L ratio is varied to 1:3, 1:5, 1:7, 1:9,1:12. The pH of the solution was varied to 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12. The reaction temperature was maintained at 70-90 °C for 3 hours. The results showed that lignin could be reduced to 84.05% for 3 hours by using 6% H2O2, an S/L ratio of 1:5, and a pH of 11. The reaction carried out under these conditions can also increase the amount of cellulose from 33.33% to 49.00%.

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Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose Triacetate Obtained from Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Trunk Mesh-Derived Cellulose

et al. 2022

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Cellulosic polysaccharides have increasingly been recognized as a viable substitute for the depleting petro-based feedstock due to numerous modification options for obtaining a plethora of bio-based materials. In this study, cellulose triacetate was synthesized from pure cellulose obtained from the waste lignocellulosic part of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.). To achieve a degree of substitution (DS) of the hydroxyl group of 2.9, a heterogeneous acetylation reaction was carried out with acetic anhydride as an acetyl donor. The obtained cellulose ester was compared with a commercially available derivative and characterized using various analytical methods. This cellulose triacetate contains approximately 43.9% acetyl and has a molecular weight of 205,102 g·mol−1. The maximum thermal decomposition temperature of acetate was found to be 380 °C, similar to that of a reference sample. Thus, the synthesized ester derivate can be suitable for fabricating biodegradable and “all cellulose” biocomposite systems.

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Effect of contact time on the properties of cellulose, cellulose acetate and its film from various wastes

Cited by 4 publications

References 47 publications

Combustion Behavior of Cellulose Ester Fibrous Bundles from Used Cigarette Filters: Kinetic Analysis Study

Combustion Behavior of Cellulose Ester Fibrous Bundles from Used Cigarette Filters: Kinetic Analysis Study

Delignification of Cassava Peel by Using Alkaline Hydrogen Peroxide Method: Study of Peroxide Concentration, Solid/Liquid Ratio, and pH

Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose Triacetate Obtained from Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Trunk Mesh-Derived Cellulose

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