Effect of cross winds on high-speed trains: development of a new experimental methodology

Sanquer, Stéphane; Barré, Christian; Virel, M. Dufresne de; Cléon, Louis-Marie

doi:10.1016/j.jweia.2004.03.004

Cited by 79 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…A number of studies have analysed vehicle surface pressure distributions to calculate, by discrete integration, the forces acting on a vehicle travelling through a crosswind (Sanquer et al, 2004;Quinn et al, 2007;Dorigatti, 2013). The surface pressure distribution can be presented in terms of a series of non-dimensionalised pressure coefficients,…”

Section: Aerodynamic Loads On Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally in vehicle aerodynamics the lateral, vertical and rolling moment forces (side, lift and roll moments respectively) are used to analyse the risk of possible wind induced vehicle overturning (Sanquer et al, 2004;Quinn et al, 2007;Baker and Sterling, 2009;RSSB, 2009RSSB, , 2012. Non-dimensionalised aerodynamic coefficients for the side and lift forces, and the rolling moment about the centre of track (x-axis in figure 2.4) and leeward rail, are given as (Dorigatti, 2013), (2.27) where F Y , F Z are side and lift forces respectively and M X , M X,lee are rolling moment forces about the x-axis and leeward rail respectively.…”

Section: Aerodynamic Loads On Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Non-dimensionalised aerodynamic coefficients for the side and lift forces, and the rolling moment about the centre of track (x-axis in figure 2.4) and leeward rail, are given as (Dorigatti, 2013), (2.27) where F Y , F Z are side and lift forces respectively and M X , M X,lee are rolling moment forces about the x-axis and leeward rail respectively. Sanquer et al (2004) and Quinn et al (2007) developed a method to estimate relative non-dimensional force coefficients through integrating surface pressure coefficients on a discretised geometry of a vehicle surface. Discretised areas were formed by creating a rectangle centred on each surface pressure measuring point, extending halfway to neighbouring measuring point or to the vehicle edges.…”

Section: Aerodynamic Loads On Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The container reference system about the centre of the container base and leeward container base edge, and the track system about the centre of track (x-axis) and leeward rail, are shown in figure 7.7. The aerodynamic load coefficients are examined using average surface pressure coefficient data through a method developed by Sanquer et al (2004); Quinn et al (2007) and Dorigatti (2013). The reference system defined in figure 6.18 implies the non-dimensional coefficients are given as (Dorigatti, 2013), and discretised area of influence, A ij , associated with each pressure tap are defined.…”

Section: Aerodynamic Forces and Momentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Aerodynamics of a Container Freight Train

Soper

2016

Springer Theses

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This research aims to characterise the aerodynamic flow around a container freight train and investigate how changing the container loading configuration affects the magnitude of aerodynamic forces measured on a container. Experiments were carried out using a 1/25th scale moving model freight train at the University of Birmingham's TRAIN rig facility. The model was designed to enable different container loading configurations and train lengths to be tested. A series of experiments to measure slipstream velocities and static pressure were undertaken to assess the influence of container loading configuration. Experiments to measure aerodynamic loads on a container were carried out using an on-board pressure monitoring system built into a specifically designed measuring container. A collation of full scale freight data from previous studies provided a tool to validate model scale data.Analysis of freight data found it was possible to present slipstream results as a series of flow regions. Clear differences in slipstream development and aerodynamic load coefficients were observed for differing container loading configurations. Velocity and pressure magnitudes measured in the nose region were larger than values observed previously. For container loading efficiencies higher than 50% boundary layer growth stabilises rapidly, however, for less than 50% continual boundary layer growth was observed until after 100m when stabilisation occurs. Velocities in the lateral and vertical directions have magnitudes larger than previously observed; increasing the overall magnitude by ∼10%. Comparison of model and full scale data showed good agreement, indicating Reynolds number independence. An analysis of TSI safety limits found results lie close to, but do not break, existing limits. Aerodynamic load coefficients were compared with previous studies and shown to be characteristic of typical values measured for a 30• yaw angle; however, differences between static wind tunnel and moving model results were discovered.

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Section: Aerodynamic Loads On Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aerodynamic Loads On Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aerodynamic Loads On Vehiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aerodynamic Forces and Momentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Aerodynamics of a Container Freight Train

Soper

2016

Springer Theses

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“…al. [55]. Pressure measurements on double-stack freight cars during train passing conditions were made by MacNeill, et.…”

Section: Review Of Past Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of CFD to Rail Car and Locomotive Aerodynamics

Paul

Johnson

Yates³

2009

The Aerodynamics of Heavy Vehicles II: Trucks, Buses, and Trains

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CFD methods have been employed to solve a number of efficiency, safety and operational problems related to the aerodynamics of rail cars and locomotives. This paper reviews three case studies: 1) numerical models were employed to quantify the drag characteristics of two external railcar features; namely, well car side-posts and inter-platform gaps. The effects of various design modifications on train resistance and fuel usage were evaluated. 2) An operational safety issue facing railroad operators is wind-induced tip-over. A study was completed using CFD and wind tunnel tests to develop a database of tip-over tendencies for a variety of car types within the Norfolk Southern fleet. The use of this database in the development of a speed restricting system for the Sandusky Bay Bridge is also discussed. 3) Another safety issue involves the behavior of diesel exhaust plumes in the vicinity of locomotive cabs. Numerical simulations were performed for a variety of locomotives operating under a number of ambient conditions (wind speed, wind direction). The concentration of diesel exhaust at the operator cab window was quantified. Where appropriate, the studies provide information on the correlation of the CFD results with previously collected wind tunnel and field data.

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Experimental and Numerical Study of Unsteady Wakes Behind an Oscillating Car Model

Guilmineau

Chometon

2009

IUTAM Symposium on Unsteady Separated Flows and Their Control

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Effect of cross winds on high-speed trains: development of a new experimental methodology

Cited by 79 publications

References 5 publications

The Aerodynamics of a Container Freight Train

The Aerodynamics of a Container Freight Train

Application of CFD to Rail Car and Locomotive Aerodynamics

Experimental and Numerical Study of Unsteady Wakes Behind an Oscillating Car Model

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