Effect of deep stacking and ensiling broiler litter on chemical composition and pathogenic organisms

Effect of deep-stacking broiler litter on pathogenic bacteria, intake, digestibility, microbial protein supply and rumen parameters in sheep

“…The results were similar to those reported by others (Chaudhry et al, 1998). Chaudhry et al (1998) recorded maximum temperatures of 64 • C and 60 • C on day 7 for 80 and 40 cm depths, respectively.…”

“…The results were similar to those reported by others (Chaudhry et al, 1998). Chaudhry et al (1998) recorded maximum temperatures of 64 • C and 60 • C on day 7 for 80 and 40 cm depths, respectively. In another work, the temperature increased and reached its maximum (62 • C) on day 6 of deep stacking (Kwak et al, 2005).…”

“…The elimination of Coliform bacteria in DBL containing 350 g moisture/kg at depths 30 and 60 cm could, in part, be due to sensitivity of these bacteria to temperatures above 42 • C (McCaskey et al, 1985) and also the accumulation of ammonia-N released from the breakdown of uric acid during the deepstacking process (McCaskey and Martin, 1988). Elimination of Coliforms with the deep stacking of BL was in line with the findings of other researchers (Chaudhry et al, 1998).…”

“…The differences in results reported in the studies could be related to some factors such as different deep stacking methods, capacity of stack and mean ambient temperature. Despite our study, in the experiment conducted by Chaudhry et al (1998), the temperatures of DBL (i.e., 42 and 46 • C for 80 and 40 cm depths, respectively) were only slightly higher than the ambient temperature. Bucklin et al (2012) recommended that to achieve the appropriate heating to eliminate pathogens, the moisture content of BL should be 200-250 g/kg and the stacking depth from 183 to 244 cm.…”

“…Chaudhry et al (1996) claimed that the deep stacking of BL is feasible and effective in the elimination of pathogens. Deep-stacking BL for few days led to an increase in the temperature up to 60 • C in the stack which was enough to kill pathogens (Chaudhry et al, 1998). Several researchers investigated the potential use of deep-stacked BL (DBL) in ruminant's feeding.…”