Effect of different oxidizing agent treatments on the surface properties of activated carbons

Pradhan, Bhabendra K.; Sandle, N. K.

doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(98)00328-5

Cited by 495 publications

(230 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Thus, the activity of CI and CII depends to some extent upon their ash content. It was also reported that the retention of some chemisorbed chlorine could decrease the pore size thereby influencing the catalytic performance of the carbon [182]. However, other factors should play a role since oxidation treatments for example of CI carbon comparably suppressed the ash content (<1 wt.%), but not the phenol conversion (between 35 and 38%) as can be depicted from figure 3.…”

Section: Preparation and Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…According to the manufactureres, the carbons were prepared from wood (CI) and coconut shell (CII) precursors. Following previously tested procedures [182], modification of parent carbons was performed by liquid phase oxidation with H 2 O 2 , (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 or HNO 3 and demineralisation with HCl. The treated activated carbons were characterised by means of N 2 -adsorption isotherms, elemental and TG analysis, Boehm titration, oxic phenol adsorption at 20°C, slurry pH and ability for generating oxygenated radicals from dissolved molecular oxygen.…”

Section: Preparation and Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon materials and catalytic wet air oxidation of organic pollutants in wastewater

et al. 2005

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Section: Preparation and Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Preparation and Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon materials and catalytic wet air oxidation of organic pollutants in wastewater

et al. 2005

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“…The FT-IR spectra of GAC and PAC (Fig. 5b) also showed the presence of the carbonyl (1,682 cm -1 ), C=C bond of aromatic rings (1,477 cm -1 ), and hydroxyl functional group (2,400-2,700 cm -1 ), respectively (Jiang et al 2008;Njoku and Hameed 2011;Pradhan and Sandle 1999).…”

Section: Identification Of Surface Functional Groups By Ft-irmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The absorption peaks at 1,680, 1,583, and 874 cm -1 were characteristics of carbonyl stretching vibrations, N-H bending vibration of primary amines, and C-H bending vibrations of benzenes, respectively (Juan and Ke-Qiang 2009;Pradhan and Sandle 1999;Shen et al 2008). The broad absorption band in the region of 3,400-2,500 cm -1 was related to the stretching vibration of O-H groups (Jiang et al 2008;Njoku and Hameed 2011;Pradhan and Sandle 1999). The FT-IR spectra of GAC and PAC (Fig.…”

Section: Identification Of Surface Functional Groups By Ft-irmentioning

confidence: 92%

Impact of petroleum coke characteristics on the adsorption of the organic fractions from oil sands process-affected water

Pourrezaei

Alpatová

Chelme-Ayala

et al. 2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Petroleum coke (PC) is a waste by-product generated during the oil upgrading processes by the petroleum industry. The continuing accumulation of large quantities of PC requires the development of innovative strategies for the effective utilization of this carbon-rich material. In this study, PC was used for the removal of naphthenic acids (NAs) and acid-extractable fraction (AEF) from oil sands process-affected water (OSPW), generated during the oil refining process. A systematic study on the adsorption of organic fractions, vanadium leaching from PC, adsorption mechanisms, and the effect of physico-chemical characteristics of the PC on adsorption process was performed. Physico-chemical properties of PC were determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis. AEF and NAs removals of 60 and 75 %, respectively, were achieved at PC dose of 200 g/L after 16 h of contact. FT-IR and TGA analysis of PC suggested the physisorption of organic compounds onto the surface of PC. The calculated mean free energy of adsorption (E \ 8 kJ/mol) also indicated the physisorption of organics to the PC surface. The hydrophobic interactions between the NAs and the PC were suggested as the dominant adsorption mechanisms. The vanadium release occurred when PC was mixed with OSPW and vanadium concentration increased with an increase in the PC dose. Speciation analysis indicated that the vanadium leached was predominantly vanadium (V) and insignificant amount of vanadium (IV) was also detected.

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“…However, the majority of activated carbons do not contain such admixtures, which is related to their lack or very low content in the precursor used for the production of activated carbons. The solution proposed was development of effective methods of modification of the activated carbons (such as oxidation or ammoxidation) permitting introduction of different functional groups into the activated carbon structures Pradhan and Sandle 1999;Moreno-Castilla et al 2000;Aguilar et al 2003;Przepiórski 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen-enriched activated carbons prepared by the activation of coniferous tree sawdust and their application in the removal of Nitrogen dioxide

Nowicki

Kaźmierczak

Sawicka

et al. 2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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A technology of obtaining nitrogen-enriched activated carbons from coniferous tree sawdust by direct activation of the precursor and physical activation with CO 2 is described. The effect of activation time, pyrolysis temperature as well as modification with urea on the textural parameters, acid-base character of the surface and sorption properties of activated carbons has been tested. The resulting carbons were characterised by low-temperature nitrogen sorption and determination of the number of surface oxygen groups. The sorption properties of the materials obtained were characterised by nitrogen dioxide adsorption in dry and wet conditions. The final products were nitrogen-enriched microporous activated carbons of medium-developed surface, showing very diverse nitrogen content and acidic-basic character of the surface. The results obtained in our study have proved that through suitable choice of the activation and modification procedure of coniferous tree sawdust, activated carbons can be produced with high capacity towards nitrogen dioxide adsorption, reaching to 69 and 46 mg NO 2 /g in dry and wet conditions, respectively. The results of our study have also shown that the adsorption ability of carbonaceous adsorbents depends both on the method of preparation as well as on the textural parameters and acid-base properties of the adsorbents surface.

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Effect of different oxidizing agent treatments on the surface properties of activated carbons

Cited by 495 publications

References 31 publications

Carbon materials and catalytic wet air oxidation of organic pollutants in wastewater

Carbon materials and catalytic wet air oxidation of organic pollutants in wastewater

Impact of petroleum coke characteristics on the adsorption of the organic fractions from oil sands process-affected water

Nitrogen-enriched activated carbons prepared by the activation of coniferous tree sawdust and their application in the removal of Nitrogen dioxide

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