Effect of electrolyzed strong acid water on peritoneal irrigation of experimental perforated peritonitis

Kubota, Akio; Nose, Keisuke; Yonekura, Takeo; Yamauchi, Katsuji; Oyanagi, Harumasa

doi:10.1007/s00595-008-3914-4

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…After 48 h, cells cultured on samples C0N0.1, C0N0.2, C200N0, C200N0.1, and C200N0.2 increased in number, whereas in the case of samples treated with 400 mA, cells slowed down their proliferation in comparison to SA Control, 24-h culture, and initial cell number (20,000 CFU). Several studies have been previously performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of electrolyzed water solutions [37,38,39,40]. Mokudai et al [41] suggest that intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as OH · , derived from HClO (Equation (1)) penetrating through the cell membrane cause the cytotoxic effects of AEW, whereas the superoxide anion radical (O 2 · − ) would be derived from the mitochondria: HOCl + O 2 · − → OH · + O 2 + Cl − …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity, Bactericidal, and Antioxidant Activity of Sodium Alginate Hydrosols Treated with Direct Electric Current

Król

Marycz

Kulig

et al. 2017

IJMS

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The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of using direct electric current (DC) of 0, 200, and 400 mA for five minutes on the physiochemical properties, cytotoxicity, antibacterial, and antioxidant activity of sodium alginate hydrosols with different sodium chloride concentrations. The pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), electrical conductivity (EC), and available chlorine concentration (ACC) were measured. The effect of sodium alginate hydrosols treated with DC on Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Bacillus cereus, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enteritidis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Pseudomonas fluorescence, and RAW 264.7 and L929 cells was investigated. Subsequently, the antioxidant properties of hydrosols were evaluated by determining the scavenging ability of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The results have shown that after applying 400 mA in hydrosol samples with 0.1% and 0.2% NaCl all tested bacteria were inactivated. The ACC concentration of C400 samples with NaCl was equal to 13.95 and 19.71 mg/L, respectively. The cytotoxicity analysis revealed that optimized electric field conditions and the addition of sodium chloride allow for the avoidance of toxicity effects on normal cells without disturbing the antibacterial effects. Due to the presence of oxidizing substances, the DPPH of variants treated with DC was lower than the DPPH of control samples.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity, Bactericidal, and Antioxidant Activity of Sodium Alginate Hydrosols Treated with Direct Electric Current

Król

Marycz

Kulig

et al. 2017

IJMS

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“…No abnormal findings or measurements were observed in terms of visual inspection of the oral cavity, histopathological tests, or measurements of surface enamel roughness of teeth, perhaps because of rapid neutralization of chlorine in the AEW by saliva and protein (Morita et al, 2011). Furthermore, peritoneal irrigation of experimental perforated peritonitis with AEW in rats showed no adverse effect (Kubota et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Involvement of reactive oxygen species in the cytotoxic effect of acid-electrolyzed water

2015

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-Acid-electrolyzed water (AEW) is commonly used as a disinfectant in the agricultural and medical fields. Although several studies have been conducted to examine its toxicity in vitro and in vivo, the cytotoxic mechanism of AEW has never been verified. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the underlying mechanism by which AEW exerts its in vitro cytotoxic effect. Mouse fibroblasts treated with AEW experienced dilution rate-dependent cytotoxic effects in the 100% confluent phase as well as in the mitotic phase. The levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) increased significantly in fully-confluent cells treated with undiluted and four times diluted AEW. In both of these treatments, cytotoxicity was also observed. It is thus concluded that the in vitro cytotoxicity of AEW is attributable to increased intracellular ROS. Additionally, the ROS responsible for these effects appears to be, at least in part, hydroxyl radical because the increase in intracellular ROS was attenuated by post-treatment with dimethyl sulfoxide, a hydroxyl radical scavenger, and with the antioxidant polyphenol, proanthocyanidin.

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“…It can be assumed that the efficacy is reduced by protein or blood contamination, which can be reversed by repetitive extensive wound irrigation. The survival rate of rats with experimental peritonitis was significantly increased compared to a treatment with NaCl without undesirable effects [138]. By stabilization of the cell membrane, the release of cytokines from mast cells is inhibited without intracellular impairment, possibly contributing to an anti-inflammatory effect [29].…”

Section: Sodium Hypochlorite/hypochlorous Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consensus on Wound Antisepsis: Update 2018

Krämer

Dissemond²,

Kim³

et al. 2017

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

256

215

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Wound antisepsis has undergone a renaissance due to the introduction of highly effective wound-compatible antimicrobial agents and the spread of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). However, a strict indication must be set for the application of these agents. An infected or critically colonized wound must be treated antiseptically. In addition, systemic antibiotic therapy is required in case the infection spreads. If applied preventively, the Wounds-at-Risk Score allows an assessment of the risk for infection and thus appropriateness of the indication. The content of this updated consensus recommendation still largely consists of discussing properties of octenidine dihydrochloride (OCT), polihexanide, and iodophores. The evaluations of hypochlorite, taurolidine, and silver ions have been updated. For critically colonized and infected chronic wounds as well as for burns, polihexanide is classified as the active agent of choice. The combination 0.1% OCT/phenoxyethanol (PE) solution is suitable for acute, contaminated, and traumatic wounds, including MRSA-colonized wounds due to its deep action. For chronic wounds, preparations with 0.05% OCT are preferable. For bite, stab/puncture, and gunshot wounds, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-iodine is the first choice, while polihexanide and hypochlorite are superior to PVP-iodine for the treatment of contaminated acute and chronic wounds. For the decolonization of wounds colonized or infected with MDROs, the combination of OCT/PE is preferred. For peritoneal rinsing or rinsing of other cavities with a lack of drainage potential as well as the risk of central nervous system exposure, hypochlorite is the superior active agent. Silver-sulfadiazine is classified as dispensable, while dyes, organic mercury compounds, and hydrogen peroxide alone are classified as obsolete. As promising prospects, acetic acid, the combination of negative pressure wound therapy with the instillation of antiseptics (NPWTi), and cold atmospheric plasma are also subjects of this assessment.

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Effect of electrolyzed strong acid water on peritoneal irrigation of experimental perforated peritonitis

Abstract: Peritoneal lavage with ESAW had no adverse effect, and achieved more effective decontamination than saline for perforated peritonitis. Therefore, the results of this study are considered to warrant and support the clinical application of ESAW.

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

Cytotoxicity, Bactericidal, and Antioxidant Activity of Sodium Alginate Hydrosols Treated with Direct Electric Current

Cytotoxicity, Bactericidal, and Antioxidant Activity of Sodium Alginate Hydrosols Treated with Direct Electric Current

Involvement of reactive oxygen species in the cytotoxic effect of acid-electrolyzed water

Consensus on Wound Antisepsis: Update 2018

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