Effect of Electromagnetic Filed (EMF) Equal to that Emitted form Cellular Phones on the Layers of Cerebral Cortex of the Frontal Lobe of Male Albino Rats of Different Ages

Abstract

Background: Cell phone users increased over the world and the question is whether health hazards could result from microwaves of these instruments. Aim of the work: Studying the effect of Electromagnetic Filed (EMF) similar to that emitted from cellular phones on the histological structure of frontal cerebral cortex of different ages. Material and Methods: Sixty male albino rats were used in this study divided into control group (I), EMF exposure group (II) and recovery group (III) .Each of the three groups of twenty rats and subdivided according to the age into 3 subgroups: adult of seven rats, young of seven rats and middle age of six rats. Control group left without interference. EMF exposure group exposed by EMF generator to electromagnetic field near the mobile phone pulsing signal of 217 Hz 3 h/day for 6 days/week for 1.5 month then sacrified. Recovery group left for 1.5 month to recover after exposure before sacrifaction At the study end, paraffin sections were prepared from cerebrum of all rats then subjected to hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical stain for Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP). Statistical analysis for assessment of frontal cortex thickness, number of its cells and GFAP stained area Result: EMF groups showed shrunken cells with darkly stained nuclei with pericellular haloes and congested vessels with increased immunoreactivity for GFAP. On recovery decrease number of pyknotic nuclei and decreased immunoreactivity for GFAP. Conclusion: EMF induces histopathological and immune histochemical changes in frontal cortex and withdrawal from EMF can reverse or decrease these changes.