Effect of Elevated CO2 on the Growth, Physiological Traits and Biological Yield of Three Genotypes of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

Because of economical relevance of wheat being a staple crop, it is important to understand how this crop will respond to the foreseen increase in atmospheric CO2 conc. An experiment was conducted to know about the physiological and growth pattern of three genotypes PBW-373, PBW-343, PBW-502 of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under elevated CO2 condition. Two chambers one with increased CO2 and one with ambient CO2 were employed. Crop was cultivated within the chamber under ambient (400 ppm) and enhanced CO2 (800 ppm) conditions, from seedling to maturity. Compared to ambient CO2 , crop produced more biomass. The impact of EC on plant growth, reproductive structure, productivity and physiological parameters (photosynthetic rate, transpiration, stomatal conductance, morphology, leaf area and biomass) etc. were examined. The outcomes weren’t one way. For one plant growth cycle, all the parameters were recorded. Photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and biomass all experienced significant increases among two genotypes out of three. Overall performance of PBW-343, PBW-373 was determined to be good in view of test weight under high CO2 conditions. Genotypic variation was also documented. Both genotypes are known to be tolerant of high CO2 conditions. Overall, it can be said that EC promotes plant growth and biomass, although further research is needed to determine how EC affects flowering. Increases in shoot length, root length, and the number of tillers in terms of their size and weight were caused by the high CO2 concentration. The economic yield of wheat per plant significantly increases when exposed to high CO2 . In this work, we investigated the impact of current and projected CO2 concentration on wheat crop growth, biomass, and yield.