Effect of Excess Iodide Intake on Salivary Glands in a Swiss Albino Mice Model

Ross, Gloria Romina; Fabersani, Emanuel; Russo, Matías; Gómez, Alba; Japaze, H; González, Silvia; Gauffin-Cano, Paola

doi:10.1155/2017/6302869

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…While lower dose of iodide intake is safe and associated with normal thyroid function, recent works have proven that alterations in thyroid function are associated with high iodide supplementation in maternal rats and their offspring [ 48 ]. Other findings show that treatment in vivo with an excess of iodide can induce the blockade of thyroid hormone biosynthesis [ 49 ] and excess of iodide could induce mononuclear infiltration in salivary gland as recently indicated in a Swiss albino mouse model [ 50 ] These results question whether iodide supplementation would work to boost anti-influenza defenses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of influenza viruses to hypothiocyanite and hypoiodite produced by lactoperoxidase in a cell-free system

et al. 2018

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Lactoperoxidase (LPO) is an enzyme found in several exocrine secretions including the airway surface liquid producing antimicrobial substances from mainly halide and pseudohalide substrates. Although the innate immune function of LPO has been documented against several microbes, a detailed characterization of its mechanism of action against influenza viruses is still missing. Our aim was to study the antiviral effect and substrate specificity of LPO to inactivate influenza viruses using a cell-free experimental system. Inactivation of different influenza virus strains was measured in vitro system containing LPO, its substrates, thiocyanate (SCN-) or iodide (I-), and the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-producing system, glucose and glucose oxidase (GO). Physiologically relevant concentrations of the components of the LPO/H2O2/(SCN-/I-) antimicrobial system were exposed to twelve different strains of influenza A and B viruses in vitro and viral inactivation was assessed by determining plaque-forming units of non-inactivated viruses using Madin-Darby canine kidney cells (MDCK) cells. Our data show that LPO is capable of inactivating all influenza virus strains tested: H1N1, H1N2 and H3N2 influenza A viruses (IAV) and influenza B viruses (IBV) of both, Yamagata and Victoria lineages. The extent of viral inactivation, however, varied among the strains and was in part dependent on the LPO substrate. Inactivation of H1N1 and H1N2 viruses by LPO showed no substrate preference, whereas H3N2 influenza strains were inactivated significantly more efficiently when iodide, not thiocyanate, was the LPO substrate. Although LPO-mediated inactivation of the influenza B strains tested was strain-dependent, it showed slight preference towards thiocyanate as the substrate. The results presented here show that the LPO/H2O2/(SCN-/I-) cell-free, in vitro experimental system is a functional tool to study the specificity, efficiency and the molecular mechanism of action of influenza inactivation by LPO. These studies tested the hypothesis that influenza strains are all susceptible to the LPO-based antiviral system but exhibit differences in their substrate specificities. We propose that a LPO-based antiviral system is an important contributor to anti-influenza virus defense of the airways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of influenza viruses to hypothiocyanite and hypoiodite produced by lactoperoxidase in a cell-free system

et al. 2018

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“…Furthermore, previous research has reported a link between thyroid illness and the salivary glands. Saliva contains a greater quantity of iodine than that in serum (27). Salivary glands, stomach, and thyroid share a sodium iodide transporter (NIS) capable of concentrating iodine ions (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary biomarkers-assisted ultrasound-based differentiation of malignant and benign thyroid nodules

Zhao¹,

Ren²,

Zhao³

et al. 2022

Gland Surg

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Background: The incidence of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is increasing annually. ultrasonography (US) is the current primary method for evaluating thyroid nodules; however, there have been persisting challenges in diagnosing borderline malignancies. This paper aimed to establish the differential diagnostic value of salivary biomarkers for thyroid nodules geared towards improving the efficacy of US.Methods: We recruited a total of 44 PTC patients and 42 benign thyroid tumor (BTT) patients to this study. The distribution of tumor markers and thyroid hormones in saliva and serum were compared between groups; then, uni-/multi-variate logistic analyses were used to determine the risk factors of PTC. Further, we estimated the differential diagnostic value of biomarkers in thyroid nodules, especially in borderline scenarios. Finally, a multi-index diagnostic model was constructed constituting biomarkers and US.Results: The distributions of serum thyroglobulin (TG), salivary triiodothyronine (T3), freetriiodothyronine (FT3), and free-thyroxine (FT4) were significantly different in BTT and PTC (P<0.05); salivary FT3 was identified as an independent risk factor for PTC. By analyzing the diagnostic accuracy of various Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) categories, category 4A was shown to have the lowest diagnostic accuracy (48.39%) with the largest proportion (31 people, 36.05%). In 4A patients, the K-nearest neighbor (KNN) algorithm attained the highest sensitivity of 87.50% and specificity of 100.00% among the machine learning-based multi-biomarkers models. Eventually, by combing the US with the KNN-based biomarkers model, the sensitivity and specificity reached 90.91% and 83.33%, respectively.Conclusions: Salivary biomarkers exhibit good potential in the differential diagnosis of borderline thyroid nodules and they significantly improve the prediction accuracy of the US. Additionally, we found that salivary FT3 is an independent risk factor for PTC and may be used as a key marker for PTC diagnosis.

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“…Other studies have implicated iodine deficiency in immune dysfunctions ( 56 ). Excess iodine has been reported to induce alterations of the salivary glands, including lymphocytic infiltrations ( 58 ), in an animal model. In vitro , I − is another substrate for sialoperoxidase, myeloperoxidase or lactoperoxidase in antimicrobial systems.…”

Section: Oral Peroxidases: Enzymes and Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral peroxidases: From antimicrobial agents to ecological actors (Review)

Courtois

2021

Mol Med Rep

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Sialoperoxidase and myeloperoxidase are the two main peroxidase enzymes found in the oral cavity. Sialoperoxidase is present in salivary secretions and in the biofilms that line the oral surfaces, while myeloperoxidase is abundant in the dento-gingival sulcus area. In the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), oral peroxidases catalyze the oxidation of the pseudohalide anion thiocyanate (SCN − ) to hypothiocyanite (OSCN − ), a strong oxidant that serves an antimicrobial role. Furthermore, oral peroxidases consume bacteria-produced H 2 O 2 and could help inactivate toxic carcinogenic and genotoxic substances. Numerous in vitro studies have reported the antibacterial, antimycotic and antiviral role of peroxidases, suggesting possible applications in oral therapy. However, the use of oral hygiene products incorporating peroxidase systems has not yet been shown to be beneficial for the treatment or prevention of oral infections. This paradox reflects our incomplete knowledge of the physiological role of peroxidases in a complex environment, such as the oral region. While hygiene is crucial for restoring oral microbiota to a symbiotic state, there are no data to suggest that the addition of a peroxidase per se can create a dysbiotic state. Recent investigations have associated the presence of peroxidase activity with gram-positive cocci microbial flora, and its insufficiency with dysbiosis has been linked to pathologies, such as caries, periodontitis or infections of the oral mucosa. Therefore, oxidants generated by oral peroxidases appear to be an essential ecological determinant for oral health through the selection of a symbiotic microbiota capable of resisting oxidative stress. The objective of the present review was to update the current knowledge of the physiological aspects and applications of oral peroxidases in clinical practice.

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Effect of Excess Iodide Intake on Salivary Glands in a Swiss Albino Mice Model

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Susceptibility of influenza viruses to hypothiocyanite and hypoiodite produced by lactoperoxidase in a cell-free system

Susceptibility of influenza viruses to hypothiocyanite and hypoiodite produced by lactoperoxidase in a cell-free system

Salivary biomarkers-assisted ultrasound-based differentiation of malignant and benign thyroid nodules

Oral peroxidases: From antimicrobial agents to ecological actors (Review)

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