Effect of extraction method on EPS from activated sludge: An HPSEC investigation

Extraction of Structural Extracellular Polymeric Substances from Aerobic Granular Sludge

“…The amount of EPS obtained by formaldehyde + NaOH, formamide + NaOH and Na 2 CO 3 + heat + mixing was higher than that of centrifugation, sonication and EDTA extraction. Similar results for these extraction techniques were also shown by previous studies [11][12][13]15 indicating that alkaline conditions enhance EPS solubility 26,27 . The amount of EPS recovered by Na 2 CO 3 was the highest, more than 20 times of that obtained only by centrifugation.…”

“…Only methods that can solubilize the gel matrix are capable of extracting structural EPS. In this research, some frequently used EPS extraction methods such as centrifugation [10][11][12][13][14][15] , sonication 10,14,15 , EDTA [10][11][12]14,15 , formaldehyde + NaOH [10][11][12][13][14][15] and formamide + NaOH 13 could not efficiently isolate the structural EPS. This is due to the fact that the hydrogel matrix of the aerobic granules was not solubilized by these methods.…”

Dynamic variation in physicochemical properties of activated sludge floc from different WWTPs and its influence on sludge dewaterability and settleability

“…Since the HPSEC profiles of different sludge samples were very similar, chromatograms can be assumed as the typical "fingerprint of municipal full-scale WWTPs". This corresponded to the other findings [16]. In addition, it can be seen that DOMs located in different sludge layers had similar chemical composition, but the concentrations varied significantly from April to July.…”

Composition of EPS fractions from suspended sludge and biofilm and their roles in microbial cell aggregation

“…nucleic acids. They are usually categorized as soluble EPS (SEPS) and bound EPS (Liu and Fang, 2002;Comte et al, 2007). Bound EPS consists of two layers: inner and outer; the former layer is composed of tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS), while the latter layer is composed of loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) (Li and Yang, 2007).…”