Effect of feed supplementation with Satureja khuzistanica essential oil on performance and physiological parameters of broilers fed on wheat- or maize-based diets

Abstract

1. The aim of this study was to evaluate various levels of Satureja khuzistanica essential oil (SKEO) on performance and physiological parameters of broilers fed on wheat- or maize-based diets. 2. Treatments consisted of two cereals (maize- or wheat-based diets) and three levels of SKEO)0, 250 and 500 mg/kg). 3. Feed intake (FI) and body weight gain (BWG) decreased in broilers fed on the wheat-based diets compared to the control diet. Dietary supplementation of 500 mg/kg SKEO increased FI and BWG. Dietary SKEO supplementation was effective in improving FI and BWG only in wheat-based diets and was effective in improving feed conversion ratio (FCR) in both diets. 4. Dietary supplementation of 500 mg/kg SKEO caused a significant decrease in plasma cholesterol and triglycerides. Also, plasma low-density lipoprotein concentration was decreased in broilers fed on 250 and 500 mg/kg of SKEO. Plasma cholesterol levels in birds fed on the wheat-based diets were lower than in those fed on maize-based diets. 5. Dietary supplementation of 500 mg/kg SKEO increased caecal population of Lactobacillus and reduced total bacterial and Escherichia coli count. Caecal population of Lactobacillus decreased in broilers fed on the wheat-based diets. 6. Digesta viscosity was increased in broilers fed on the wheat-based diets and decreased in broilers fed on 500 mg/kg SKEO compared to the control diet. Dietary SKEO supplementation was effective in reducing digesta viscosity values only in wheat-based diets. 7. Villus height of the duodenum and jejunum decreased in broilers fed on the wheat-based diets. Dietary supplementation of 500 mg/kg SKEO increased villus height and villus height-to-crypt depth ratios and decreased crypt depth of the duodenum compared to the control diet. 8. It can be concluded that dietary SKEO supplementation was effective in improving FI, BWG and FCR values in wheat-based diets.

Effect of organic acids–essential oils blend and oat fiber combination on broiler chicken growth performance, blood parameters, and intestinal health

“…Also, increased villus height and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio is indicative of increased epithelial cell turnover and a well-differentiated intestinal mucosa, suggesting increased digestive and absorptive capacity ( Fan et al., 1997 ; Jeurissen et al., 2002 ). In agreement with our results, other studies have reported that both essential oil and dietary fibers reduced duodenal crypt depth and increased villus height and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio in the ileum ( Sarikhan et al., 2010 ; Basmacioğlu-Malayoğlu et al., 2016 ; He et al., 2017 ; Masouri et al., 2017 ). Additionally, Giannenas et al.…”

Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of Satureja montana byproducts essential oils

“…The wide range of bioactive properties of Satureja EOs makes them appealing to several applications such as: i) flavor agents in the food processing and cosmetic industry (Lerebour et al, 2016(Lerebour et al, , 2014Oliveira et al, 2011); ii) replacers of synthetic insecticides, fungicides, bactericides and nematicides for plant protection and against household pests (Chantraine et al, 1998;Kotan et al, 2010;Maedeh et al, 2011;Picard et al, 2012;Sarkhosh et al, 2018;Tozlu et al, 2011), iii) disinfection agents of microbial-contaminated industrial surfaces (Chorianopoulos et al, 2008;Lebert et al, 2007), iv) antibiofilm agents in dentifrice or mouthwashes formulations (Gursoy et al, 2009), v) natural preservative ingredients in food products (Alexa et al, 2018;Hashemi et al, 2012;Oliveira et al, 2011;Ozkan et al, 2007), vi) additives in films and coatings for active food packaging (Atarés and Chiralt, 2016;Choulitoudi et al, 2016;Kfoury et al, 2015;Nasiri et al, 2018), and vii) feed ingredients, since these EOs have recognized phytobiotic effects by reducing plasma cholesterol and triglycerides concentration and the levels of pathogenic bacteria, enhancing the immune status when used in poultry diets (Hashemipour and Kermanshahi, 2013;Masouri et al, 2017;Sadeghi et al, 2014).…”

Plectranthus amboinicus and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) essential oils effects on performance, antioxidant activity, intestinal health, immune response, and plasma biochemistry in broiler chickens

“…Our results revealed an increase in lactic acid bacteria and a decrease in coliform counts by the assessed feed additives. Masouri et al (2017) and Mahgoub et al (2019) observed similar results on lactic acid bacteria and on E. coli or coliform counts using Satureja khuzistanica essential oil and ROE in chickens and quail, respectively. However, some studies have shown no influence of EOs on lactic acid bacteria (Mohiti‐Asli & Ghanaatparast‐Rashti, 2018) or on both coliform and lactic acid bacteria (Kırkpınar et al, 2011).…”