Effect of Fibrates on Lipid Profiles and Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Abourbih, Samuel; Filion, Kristian B.; Joseph, Lawrence; Schiffrin, Ernesto L.; Rinfret, Stéphane; Poirier, Paul; Pilote, Louise; Genest, Jacques; Eisenberg, Mark J.

doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.03.030

Cited by 116 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Fibrates are efficacious for the treatment of primary hypercholesterolemia, mixed dyslipidemia, and hypertriglyceridemia, and they are typically given along with statins or as a monotherapy in patients who are refractory or intolerant to statins (Abourbih et al, 2009). Like all medications, fibrates can have side effects, and the potential dual benefit of reduced smoking and improved lipid profile will have to be weighed against the potential for adverse effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although none of the treatment drugs in these previous studies have been approved for human use, there is a class of medications, the fibrates, that directly activate PPARa and have been used for decades to prevent cardiovascular disease and other complications associated with abnormal lipid profiles (Jackevicius et al, 2011;Abourbih et al, 2009). If fibrate medications can block the addiction-related effects of nicotine in humans, the fact that they are already in clinical use could streamline their adoption as aids to smoking cessation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Use of a Lipid-Lowering Fibrate Medication to Prevent Nicotine Reward and Relapse: Preclinical Findings

Panlilio

Justinová

Mascia

et al. 2012

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Experimental drugs that activate a-type peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARa) have recently been shown to reduce the rewarding effects of nicotine in animals, but these drugs have not been approved for human use. The fibrates are a class of PPARa-activating medications that are widely prescribed to improve lipid profiles and prevent cardiovascular disease, but these drugs have not been tested in animal models of nicotine reward. Here, we examine the effects of clofibrate, a representative of the fibrate class, on reward-related behavioral, electrophysiological, and neurochemical effects of nicotine in rats and squirrel monkeys. Clofibrate prevented the acquisition of nicotine-taking behavior in naive animals, substantially decreased nicotine taking in experienced animals, and counteracted the relapse-inducing effects of re-exposure to nicotine or nicotine-associated cues after a period of abstinence. In the central nervous system, clofibrate blocked nicotine's effects on neuronal firing in the ventral tegmental area and on dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens shell. All of these results suggest that fibrate medications might promote smoking cessation. The fact that fibrates are already approved for human use could expedite clinical trials and subsequent implementation of fibrates as a treatment for tobacco dependence, especially in smokers with abnormal lipid profiles.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Use of a Lipid-Lowering Fibrate Medication to Prevent Nicotine Reward and Relapse: Preclinical Findings

Panlilio

Justinová

Mascia

et al. 2012

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…Synthetic agonists of this nuclear receptor -such as fibrates -are commonly used as hypolipidemic agents due to their effectiveness in reducing low-density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol and triglyceride levels and improving high-density lipoproteins (HDL) cholesterol levels (Abourbih et al, 2009). Extensive cross-talk between LXRα and PPARα has been shown (Millatt et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of lipid homeostasis in response to continuous or intermittent high-fat diet in pigs

Puccinelli

Gervasi

Trivella

et al. 2015

Animal

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A high-fat diet is known to induce atherosclerosis in animal models. Dietary factors and timing of atherogenic food delivery may affect plasma lipoprotein content composition and its potential atherogenic effect. Increasingly often, humans spend periods/days eating in a completely unregulated way, ingesting excessive amounts of food rich in oils and fats, alternating with periods/days when food intake is more or less correct. We investigate the effect on lipid homeostasis of a high-fat diet administered either continuously or intermittently. We investigated control pigs receiving standard diet (C, n = 7), pigs receiving a high-fat diet every day for 10 weeks (CHF, n = 5), and pigs receiving a high-fat diet every other week for 10 weeks (IHF, n = 7). IHF animals were shown to have a different lipid profile compared with CHF animals, with a significant increase in high-density lipoproteins (HDL) levels with respect to C and CHF groups. CHF also showed significantly higher values of TC/HDL cholesterol compared with C and IHF. Hepatic expression analysis of genes involved in lipid homeostasis showed an increasing trend of nuclear receptor LXRα along with its target genes in the CHF group and in the IHF group, whereas SREBP2 and LDLr were significantly inhibited. A significant correlation was found between ABCA1 expression and circulating levels of HDL-C. Periodic withdrawals of a high-fat atherogenic diet compared with a regular administration results in a different adaptive response of lipoprotein metabolism, which leads to a significantly higher plasma level of HDL-C and lower TC/HDL-C.

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“…They are typically used in treating primary HTG and include drugs such as gemfibrozil, bezafibrate and fenofibrate 163 . Fibrates lower serum TG by increasing the levels of LPL and hepatic lipase, reducing levels of Apo CIII, which down-regulates LPL activity, and by increasing fatty acid uptake by the liver 164,165 .…”

Section: Medicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertriglyceride Induced Acute Pancreatitis

Lebenson¹,

Oliver²

2012

Acute Pancreatitis

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Effect of Fibrates on Lipid Profiles and Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Cited by 116 publications

References 38 publications

Novel Use of a Lipid-Lowering Fibrate Medication to Prevent Nicotine Reward and Relapse: Preclinical Findings

Novel Use of a Lipid-Lowering Fibrate Medication to Prevent Nicotine Reward and Relapse: Preclinical Findings

Modulation of lipid homeostasis in response to continuous or intermittent high-fat diet in pigs

Hypertriglyceride Induced Acute Pancreatitis

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