Effect of Foliar Application with Salicylic Acid (Potasal), Mineral Phosphorus Levels and Inoculation Tomato Plant with Soluble Phosphorus Bacteria on Growth, Productivity and Reducing Disease Infect with Tomato Curly Top Virus (TCTV)

Abstract

The objective of the present study is to investigate effect of phosphorus fertilizer levels and potassium salicylate spraying on tomato growth, yield, quality and curly top virus severity % (TCTV) and incidence. Two field experiments were conducted in a private farm at El-Shamarka, Kafr El-Sheikh district, Kafr El-Sheikh governorate during 2014 and 2015 seasons. Split split plot design was used with four replicates. The main plots were assigned with three phosphorus levels 0, 15 and 30 kg P 2 O 5 fed -1 . The sub plots were assigned with two potassium salicylate treatments of without potassium salicylate but sprayed by potassium 20% K 2 O 1 liter in 200 liter water fed -1 and spraying with potassium salicylate 20% K 2 O, 12.5% salicylate at the rate 300 mg L -1 salicylic of the spraying solution. The sub sub plots were assigned with two biofertilizer treatments of without inoculation and inoculation with phosphate solubilizing bacteria. The results can be summarized as phosphorus at the level of 15 kg P 2 O 5 fed -1 had the highest values of stem length, number of branches/plant, leaves area/plant, dry weight of shoot/plant and total yield (15.39, 16.15 ton fed -1 ) and vitamin C. While, the phosphorus level of 30 kg P 2 O 5 fed -1 had the highest values of early yield (4.51 and 4.39 ton fed -1 ) fruit length, fruit diameter, average fruit weight, TSS, acidity, N%, K% in the shoot and fruits. Potassium salicylate spraying had the highest values of stem length, number of branches/plant, leaves area/plant, dry shoot, dry fruit/plant, early and total yield ton fed -1 , average fruit weight, TSS, acidity, vitamin C and K% in fruits. Phosphate solubilizing bacteria inoculation increased stem length, leaves area/plant, dry shoots and fruit weight, early and total yields, fruit length, fruit diameter, average fruit weight, TSS, acidity and vitamin C, N%, K% in the shoot and fruits. Phosphorus at the level 15 kg P 2 O 5 fed -1 affected curly top virus (TCTV), decreased disease incidence %, disease severity % and increased reduction infection %. Disease severity comparing to the used rating scale (0-4) all the values of P levels from 12.21 up to 19.95% lies in class one (11-20%), this means that effect of P levels on (TCTV) was low. Potassium salicylate spraying decreased disease incidence %, disease severity % and increased reduction infection %. Comparing with the used rating scale clear that the values of K-salicylate (4.43, 9.75%) lies in the class zero (0-10%), while the control (21.79, 25%) lies in class two (21-30%), this means that Ksalicylate spraying was effective in decreasing (TCTV) in tomato.