Effect of Geometrical Structure, Drying, and Synthetic Method on Aminated Chitosan-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles Utility for HSA Effective Immobilization

Abstract

Human serum albumin (HSA) is one of the most frequently immobilized proteins on the surface of carriers, including magnetic nanoparticles. This is because the drug–HSA interaction study is one of the basic pharmacokinetic parameters determined for drugs. In spite of many works describing the immobilization of HSA and the binding of active substances, research describing the influence of the used support on the effectiveness of immobilization is missing. There are also no reports about the effect of the support drying method on the effectiveness of protein immobilization. This paper examines the effect of both the method of functionalizing the polymer coating covering magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), and the drying methods for the immobilization of HSA. Albumin was immobilized on three types of aminated chitosan-coated nanoparticles with a different content of amino groups long distanced from the surface Fe3O4-CS-Et(NH2)1–3. The obtained results showed that both the synthesis method and the method of drying nanoparticles have a large impact on the effectiveness of immobilization. Due to the fact that the results obtained for Fe3O4-CS-Et(NH2)2 significantly differ from those obtained for the others, the influence of the geometry of the shell structure on the ability to bind HSA was also explained by molecular dynamics.

Testing for Ketoprofen Binding to HSA Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles under Normal Conditions and after Oxidative Stress

“…As expected and partly previously reported, the amount of bounded albumin increases with the content of free amino groups on the surface of the magnetic support and distance from the polymer matrix in contrast to the type of crosslinker (Table 2) [14,15]. For all nanomaterials with bounded HSA, an anti-HSA aggregation test was performed to confirm albumin activity [15,22].…”

“…It is known from our previous studies that the surface of magnetic nanoparticles can be designed and modified at different ways for various application [11][12][13]. In addition, it is proved by an anti-HSA test that HSA immobilized on the surface of MNPs retains its activity [14,15]. Thus, in this article, magnetic nanoparticles coated with modified polysaccharides, which were previously obtained and characterized in our group, were used as a support to determine immobilized HSA-drug interactions [14][15][16].…”

“…One of the main factors determining the amount and activity of proteins immobilized on the carrier is the number of functional groups on the support surface able to react with protein amino or carboxyl moieties [14,21]. In this work magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were used as the support.…”

“…Nanoparticles with one Fe3O4-CSEt(NH2) and three Fe3O4-CSEt(NH2)3 distanced amino groups with the content of these groups on the surface 3.15 and 8.34 mM/g, respectively, were selected ( Table 2). One can notice that modified chitosan with two distanced amino groups was not used for this research, although it was previously synthesized by our group [14]. Unfortunately, according to our earlier studies, these nanoparticles are not suitable for effective immobilization of HSA.…”

“…In addition, it is proved by an anti-HSA test that HSA immobilized on the surface of MNPs retains its activity [14,15]. Thus, in this article, magnetic nanoparticles coated with modified polysaccharides, which were previously obtained and characterized in our group, were used as a support to determine immobilized HSA-drug interactions [14][15][16]. Application of several materials as carriers that differ in the ability to bind HSA (different number of amine groups on the surface) would allow clarifying whether the type of nanoparticles and the amount of immobilized HSA have an impact on the results of HAS-drug interaction.…”