Effect of Habit and Car Access on Student Behavior Using Cars for Traveling to Campus

Abstract

This study reports an investigation of psychological factors influencing this behavior from the perspective of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Norm Activation Model, with the addition of habit and car access. Students from three different university campuses in Surabaya, Indonesia, (n = 312) completed a survey on their car commuting behavior. Results indicated that habit and ascription of responsibility were the strongest factors that influence personal norm, perceived behavioral control and personal norm were the strongest factors that influence behavioral intention, and habit was the strongest factors that influence actual behavior, while car access only significantly influence habit, rather than both perceived behavioral control and actual behavior. Habit, awareness of consequences, and ascription of responsibility explain 54% variance of personal norm. Attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, and personal norm explain 50% variance of the behavioral intention. In turn, behavioral intention, habit, and car access explains 55% of the variance of the actual car use. Implications of these findings are that in order to alter the use of car, university should implement both structural and psychological interventions. Effective interventions should be designed to raise students' awareness of consequences and sense of responsibility of negative aspects of car use.

The Role of Personality Traits through Habit and Intention on Determining Future Preferences of Public Transport Use

“…Regarding including the car access variable, a previous study that investigated the impact of habit and car access on student behavior uncovered that habit was the strongest factor influencing behavior, while car access only significantly influenced habits (rather than having a direct effect on actual behavior [35]). Our study is consistent with this earlier study.…”

“…However, changing habitual travel behavior may be difficult to implement [33] and synchronic habits can significantly affect urban transportation behavior of individuals [34]. Investigating the impact of habit and car access on student behavior uncovered that habit was the strongest factor that influences behavior, while car access only significantly influenced habit rather than having a direct effect on actual behavior [35]. …”

Assessment of Enhancing Employee Engagement in Energy-Saving Behavior at Workplace: An Empirical Study

“…Several studies have proposed various explanations about the TPB, which aim to predict behavior through an individual's habit [6,61,64]. Some empirical studies reveal the following phenomena: Setiawan et al [64] observe that perceived behavioral control is an important factor that affects the habit and directly affects behavior.…”

Postrzegana Dostępność I Postulaty Transportowe Jako Wyznaczniki Miejskiej I Regionalnej Polityki Transportowej – Badania Pilotażowe Dwóch Wrocławskich Uczelni Wyższych

“…Kolejną istotną przesłankę dla działań w ramach polityki transportowej stanowią nawyki. Relatywnie wyższy wiek studentów WSB oraz większa skłonność do dojazdu na uczelnię samochodem może stanowić kluczową przeszkodę i zmniejszać skuteczność narzędzi na rzecz zrównoważonego rozwoju transportu z uwagi na przyzwyczajenie do motoryzacji indywidualnej (Setiawan i in. 2015).…”