Effect of Hydrogel Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) to the Number of Fibroblast Cell Proliferation in the Perforation of Wistar Rat Tooth Pulp

Abstract

<jats:p>Background: Pulpitis can occur because the deep cavity preparation and it causes increasing of NO levels. Perforated teeth require direct pulp capping (DPC) treatment. The current standard DPC material is calcium hydroxide. However, several studies have found weaknesses of calcium hydroxide that can affect the success of DPC treatment and new, more biocompatible materials are needed. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in green tea has many benefits, including antioxidant, anticolagenase, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and has the ability of radical scavenging to clean NO so that pulp healing can occur better by increasing the number of fibroblast cells that play a role in wound healing. Purpose: To determine the concentration of hydrogel EGCGs that are effective in increasing the number of fibroblast cell proliferation in the dental pulp perforation of Wistar rats. Method: This research is a laboratory experimental study with a randomized post test only control group design. Samples used in the study were 24 male Wistar rats which were divided into four groups, namely the negative control group and the treatment group were given EGCG 60 ppm, 90 ppm, and 120 ppm and were decapitated on the 7th day after treatment. The maxilla and the 1st molar were taken and decalcified, to process the HPA reading with HE staining. Observations were made using a microscope with a magnification of 400x. Results: There were significant differences in the treatment groups with 60 ppm and 90 ppm hydrogel hydrogels on the results of the Oneway ANOVA difference test (p &lt;0.05). Conclusion: The concentration of hydrogel EGCG which is effective in increasing fibroblast cell proliferation is 90 ppm.</jats:p>

Synthesis and Physical Characterization of Nano-Hydroxyapatite-Collagen-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Hydrogel Composite

“…Bahan tersebut juga memiliki beberapa kekurangan, seperti mudah larut, kemampuan adhesif terhadap dentin yang rendah, menyebabkan inflamasi, kemampuan sealing dalam jangka waktu lama yang kurang baik, serta pembentukan dentin reparatif dengan tunnel defect serta berporus. 5,6 Penelitian-penelitian terbaru mencoba untuk membuat suatu bahan yang bermanfaat dalam perawatan pulpa salah satunya dengan bahan-bahan seperti, nanohidroksiapatit, kolagen, dan Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG). 4,5,7 Hidroksiapatit (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ) adalah mineral anorganik dengan kandungan utama kalsium dan fosfat dengan rasio Ca/P sebesar 1,67 (stoikiometri).…”

“…5,6 Penelitian-penelitian terbaru mencoba untuk membuat suatu bahan yang bermanfaat dalam perawatan pulpa salah satunya dengan bahan-bahan seperti, nanohidroksiapatit, kolagen, dan Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG). 4,5,7 Hidroksiapatit (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ) adalah mineral anorganik dengan kandungan utama kalsium dan fosfat dengan rasio Ca/P sebesar 1,67 (stoikiometri). 8 Hidroksiapatit telah banyak digunakan dalam bidang ortopedi dan kedokteran gigi karena hidroksiapatit memiliki komposisi kimia yang sama dengan tulang dan gigi sehingga memiliki biokompatibilitas yang baik, osteokonduktif, non toksik, bioaktif, dan dapat didegradasi secara perlahan.…”

“…4,19,21 EGCG ditemukan berperan dalam perawatan pulpa karena mampu mengurangi respon inflamasi dengan cara mengikat Nitric Oxide (NO) sehingga meningkatkan jumlah sel fibroblas serta berperan dalam proses penyembuhan pulpa. 5 Penelitian ini didasarkan oleh penelitian Hikmawati et al yang berhasil membuat bentuk injeksi dengan menggunakan hidroksiapatit dan gelatin, serta penggunaan hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) sebagai agen suspensi untuk meningkatkan viskositas serta meningkatkan stabilitas. 17,22,23 Agen suspensi yang paling umum digunakan adalah polimer, seperti methylcellulose (MC), sodium carboxymethycellulose (CMC), dan hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) dengan karakteristik seperti, tidak berawarna, tidak mempengaruhi analisis kimia, tidak ionik, dan tidak menyebabkan reaksi biologis.…”

“…Pada penelitian sebelumnya, nano-hidroksiapatit, kolagen, dan EGCG dapat bermanfaat dalam perawatan pulpa. 4,5,7,20 Nano-hidroksiapatit mampu merangsang pembentukan dentin reparatif karena memiliki sifat osteokonduktif sehingga mampu merangsang osteoblas untuk membentuk osteodentin tanpa tunnel defect. Nanohidroksiapatit juga dapat menyebabkan respon inflamasi.…”

“Efficacy of cytotoxic effect of green tea catechins on the human periodontal fibroblasts and human dental pulp fibroblasts -An in vitro study”

“…in their study concluded that the different hydrogel EGCG concentration was effective in increasing the number of fibroblast cell proliferation when a concentration of 90 ppm was used. [ 10 ] Periodontitis is one of the most common infectious disorders. An in vitro study showed that the infected human PDL fibroblasts (hPDLFs) and human PDL stem cells (hPDLSCs) infected by a periodontal pathogen ( porphyromonas gingivalis ) EGCG showed anti-inflammatory effects on such fibroblast cells and found that EGCG could reduce inflammation in hPDLFs and hPDLSCs in response to P. gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide by Jung et al .…”