Effect of immunization on tissue susceptibility to vaccinia virus in vitro

Steinberger, Anna; Rights, Fred L.

doi:10.1016/0042-6822(63)90202-2

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Virus adsorption studies showed the fraction of cells adsorbing virus and the total virus adsorbed to be the same for immune and nonimmune macrophages. In agreement with this, Steinberger and Rights (14) showed no difference in uptake of vaccinia virus by spleen cells from immune and nonimmune rabbits, and Glasgow (5) demonstrated that chikungunya virus adsorbed to peritoneal leukocytes from immune and nonimmune mice at identical rates. These results argue against any alteration in capacity of macrophages to adsorb virus, after immunization.…”

Section: Replication Of Vaccinia Virus and Myxoma Virus In Vaccinia-imentioning

confidence: 56%

“…n the case There is evidence for second category lipse was of abortive macrophage infections, which de-4 hr a.fter pends on the immune status of the host. Although us eclipse cultured spleen cells from normal rabbits suple macro-port vaccinia virus replication, these same cells tucible from animals sensitized to the virus are rethet sthgt fractory to infection (14). Similarly, Tompkins tent ata et al (18) demonstrated that purified peritoneal after ad-macrophages from vaccinia-immune rabbits suppressed replication of the virus, whereas normal peritoneal macrophages did not.…”

Section: Replication Of Vaccinia Virus and Myxoma Virus In Vaccinia-imentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Whereas Roberts (11) reported an apparent increase in susceptibility of immune macrophages to ectromelia virus, other investigators have found no difference in susceptibility of macrophages from immune and nonimmune animals to poxviruses (13). Others have, on the other hand, demonstrated that macrophages from immune animals are more resistant to virus replication than macrophages from normal animals (14,18). These differences may reflect individual variations in virus-host systems, methods of immunization, and assays of immunity.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Specific Macrophage Immunity to Vaccinia Virus: Macrophage-Virus Interaction

1972

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Section: Replication Of Vaccinia Virus and Myxoma Virus In Vaccinia-imentioning

confidence: 56%

Section: Replication Of Vaccinia Virus and Myxoma Virus In Vaccinia-imentioning

confidence: 94%

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confidence: 99%

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Specific Macrophage Immunity to Vaccinia Virus: Macrophage-Virus Interaction

1972

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“…With high multiplicity of infection (MOI) vaccinia virus can cause cytopathic effects (CPE), unaccompanied by virus replication, in both human leukocytes and mouse peritoneal cells (332); however, human leukocyte populations treated with a mitogen such as phytohemagglutinin do support vaccinia virus replication, suggesting a need for a replicating target cell for efficient virus replication (300). Investigators in a large number of laboratories found that vaccinia virus could replicate in rabbit peritoneal exudate cells from normal, but not previously immunized, animals (21,295,421,441). This abortive vaccinia virus infection in immune exudate cells was found to be at the level of virion assembly, as uncoating Downloaded from of the virus DNA and synthesis of virus protein and DNA were qualitatively normal (76).…”

Section: Host Rangementioning

confidence: 99%

Poxvirus pathogenesis.

Buller

Palumbo

1991

Microbiological Reviews

293

163

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Marchal (285) and Downie (126) bodies, respectively. Because of the ambiguity associated with describing structures solely on the basis of their reaction with various histochemical stains, Kato et al. (253) carefully examined the virusspecific cytoplasmic structures of a large number of poxvirus species and, using a criterion based on morphologic observations, histochemical staining, and immunochemical reactivity, suggested that the acidophilic and basophilic inclusion bodies be referred to as A-and B-type inclusion bodies, respectively. Under the auspices of a Poxvirus Subcommittee created at the Sixth International Congress for Microbiology in 1953, Fenner and Burnet (161) wrote a review which summarized the characteristics of the poxvirus group. This article remains the basis for the subsequent classification of poxviruses. The poxvirus family is divided into two subfamilies: Entomopoxvirinae (poxviruses of the insects) and Chordopoxvirinae (poxviruses of the vertebrates); the latter group of viruses is the focus of this review (Table 1). The vertebrate poxviruses share a group-specific NP antigen (511) and are able, in a reciprocal fashion, to participate in nongenetic reactivation (160, 168). This is a process whereby an infectious poxvirus is able to reactivate a second, heatinactivated poxvirus, as indicated by the production of progeny virus. Poxviruses were further classified into genera by comparing cross-protection in animal studies, crossneutralization of infectivity in tissue culture, and crosshybridization of genomic DNA from virions. This latter criterion is now the method of choice for preliminary classification of poxvirus isolates. In general, members of the same genera have similar morphology and biological properties. Virion Morphology Poxviruses are the largest of all animal viruses and can be visualized by light microscopy, although the details of the

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“…There have been previous reports indicating that macrophages from virus-immune animals may contain specific antiviral activity. Steinberger and Rights (23) showed that freshly explanted spleen cells from rabbits immunized against vaccinia virus were more resistant to challenge in vitro with this virus than comparable spleen cells from nonimmunized animals. These authors were also unable to detect antibody in their cultures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Assessment of Cellular Immunity to Vaccinia Virus: Contribution of Lymphocytes and Macrophages

1970

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The possible contributions of lymphocytes and macrophages to immunity to vaccinia virus were examined in vitro by determination of antigen-specific inhibition of migration of macrophages and the replication of the virus in purified macrophages. Lymphocytes from various anatomic sites of vaccinia virus-immune rabbits mixed with macrophages from nonimmune rabbits resulted in antigen-specific inhibition of macrophage migration; purified lymphocytes of peritoneal exudates were found to be the most potent inhibitors. Macrophages from peritoneal exudates of immune rabbits purified to contain less than 1% lymphocytes were sensitive to inhibition of migration by vaccinia antigens. Virus grew in macrophages from nonimmune rabbits, but failed to replicate in macrophages from the peritoneal cavity of immune rabbits. Alveolar maracrophages from immune rabbits were not inhibited from migrating in the presence of the viral antigen, and the virus replicated in these cells. The data suggest, but do not prove, that cellular immunity to vaccinia virus in rabbits may be mediated both by lymphocytes and by macrophages.

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Effect of immunization on tissue susceptibility to vaccinia virus in vitro

Cited by 11 publications

References 9 publications

Specific Macrophage Immunity to Vaccinia Virus: Macrophage-Virus Interaction

Specific Macrophage Immunity to Vaccinia Virus: Macrophage-Virus Interaction

Poxvirus pathogenesis.

In Vitro Assessment of Cellular Immunity to Vaccinia Virus: Contribution of Lymphocytes and Macrophages

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