Effect of increased fruit and vegetable intake on the susceptibility of lipoprotein to oxidation in smokers

Hininger, Isabelle; Chopra, Mridula; Thurnham, David I.; Laporte, François; Richard, Marie‐Jeanne; Favier, A.; Roussel, Anne‐Marie

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600451

Cited by 80 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…We also found a negative linear regression between age and TBARS levels (r ¼ À0.20; P ¼ 0.01), whereas others have reported a positive correlation between age and TBARS levels (Junqueira et al, 2004). In agreement with the present findings, some studies did not report a modified production of lipoperoxides with advancing age (Hininger et al, 1997;Savarino et al, 2001). The impact of age at enrolment in these different studies and those of lifestyle factors might explain the discrepancies between the studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Age-related oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters in middle-aged and older European subjects: the ZENITH study

et al. 2005

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Objective: Oxidative stress has been reported to increase with ageing. However, the data in healthy humans remain controversial and studies in free-living elderly people are scarce. The objective of the present study was to compare age-related oxidative stress in late middle-aged and older free-living subjects. Design: The effect of ageing on oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters was investigated in 188 middle-aged subjects from Clermont-Ferrand (France) and Coleraine (UK), and in 199 older subjects from Grenoble (France) and Roma (Italy). Plasma thiol (SH) groups, define definition (TBAR's) and total glutathione (GSH), define definition (FRAP), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured at baseline of the ZENITH study. Results: Plasma SH groups and FRAP and, surprisingly, TBAR's were significantly lower in free-living older subjects compared to younger subjects (Po0.001, Po0.001, Po0.01, respectively), but there was no significant differences in GSH levels. Conclusion: European free-living healthy older do not appear to be exposed to an acute oxidative stress. However, the highly significant positive correlation between plasma SH group oxidation or decreased FRAP and ageing is predictive of an increased risk of oxidative stress in older subjects. Moreover, the comparison between middle-aged and older subjects regarding oxidative stress parameters suggests also a progressive and slow decline of antioxidant status in healthy free-living older elderly and underline the impact on life-style factors on successful ageing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Age-related oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters in middle-aged and older European subjects: the ZENITH study

et al. 2005

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“…A similar increase was observed by Hininger et al (1997), who supplemented smokers with a variety of carotenoid-rich vegetables. In our study, these LDL changes coincided with significant increases in the plasma concentrations of lutein, b-cryptoxanthin, a-carotene and b-carotene.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…The sample size was based on a power calculation using LDL lag time increases observed in a previous study with similar protocol (Hininger et al, 1997). A one-tailed t-test confirmed that 16 subjects would give 80% power to detect a 7 min change in LDL lag time at the 5% significance level.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the beneficial effects of this level of consumption have not been examined. Studies to date have concentrated on dietary enhancement of volunteers with carotenoid-rich vegetables (Hininger et al, 1997;van het Hof et al, 1999;Bub et al, 2000;Chopra et al, 2000) or provided subjects with a highly controlled diet with a very high fruit and vegetable component (9-10 servings per day) (Cao et al, 1998;Miller et al, 1998). Previous studies attempting to increase fruit and vegetable consumption in free-living volunteers demonstrated increases in plasma antioxidants (Zino et al, 1997), but no significant increase in plasma antioxidant capacity (Record et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of enhanced consumption of fruit and vegetables on plasma antioxidant status and oxidative resistance of LDL in smokers supplemented with fish oil

2003

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Objective: To determine whether consumption of five portions of fruit and vegetables per day reduces the enhancement of oxidative stress induced by consumption of fish oil. Subjects: A total of 18 free-living healthy smoking volunteers, aged 18-63 y, were recruited by posters and e-mail in The University of Reading, and by leaflets in local shops. Design: A prospective study. Setting: Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, School of Food Biosciences, The University of Reading, Whiteknights PO Box 226, Reading RG6 6AP, UK. Intervention: All subjects consumed a daily supplement of 4 Â 1 g fish oil capsules for 9 weeks. After 3 weeks, they consumed an additional five portions of fruits and vegetables per day, and then they returned to their normal diet for the last 3 weeks of the study. Fasting blood samples were taken at the ends of weeks 0, 3, 6 and 9. Results: The plasma concentrations of ascorbic acid, lutein, b-cryptoxanthin, a-carotene and b-carotene all significantly increased when fruit and vegetable intake was enhanced (Po0.05). Plasma concentrations of a-tocopherol, retinol and uric acid did not change significantly during the period of increased fruit and vegetable consumption. Plasma oxidative stability, assessed by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, also increased from weeks 3-6 (Po0.001) but not in association with increases in measured antioxidants. Lag phase before oxidation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) significantly decreased in the first 3 weeks of the study, reflecting the incorporation of EPA and DHA into LDL (Po0.0001). Subsequent enhanced fruit and vegetable consumption significantly reduced the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation (Po0.005). Conclusion: Fish oil reduced the oxidative stability of plasma and LDL, but the effects were partially offset by the increased consumption of fruit and vegetables.

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“…Erythrocyte GPX and SOD activities depend largely on the method used for their determination. The activities obtained in Cuban subjects were in the range of previous values observed in French adults using the same methods (Hininger et al, 1997;Preziosi et al, 1998;Roussel et al, 1998). These results agree with the reported lack of effect of energyrestricted diet on GPX and SOD activities in experimental conditions (Velthuis-te Wierick et al, 1995).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Seasonal variations of antioxidant imbalance in Cuban healthy men

Arnaud¹,

Fleites²,

Chassagne³

et al. 2001

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To determine the antioxidant imbalance in healthy Cuban men 2 y after the end of the epidemic neuropathy (50 862 cases from 1991 to 1993) and to evaluate its change over 1 y. Design: Prospective study. Setting: La Lisa health centres (Havana, Cuba). Subjects: One-hundred and ninety-nine healthy middle-aged men were selected and 106 completed the study. Subjects were studied at 3 month intervals over 1 year. Interventions: No invervention. Main outcome measures: An assessment of dietary intake and the determination of blood lipid peroxides (TBARS), glutathione, diglutathione, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, vitamin E, carotenoids, copper, zinc and selenium were performed at each period. Results: While dietary zinc, vitamins C and E, carotenoids and fat dietary intakes and blood concentrations were low for adult men compared to international reference ranges, serum TBARS concentrations were high at every period. Some signi®cant seasonal variations were observed. The lowest carotenoids (P`0.002) and vitamin C(P 0.0001) intakes, serum b-carotene (P 0.0001) and luteinazeaxanthin (P`0.05) concentrations, and the highest blood TBARS (P 0.0001) and diglutathione (P`0.001) concentrations were observed at the end of the rainy season (October). This period seemed to pose the greatest risk of antioxidant imbalance. Conclusions: Cuban men still represent a vulnerable population in terms of antioxidant imbalance. A national program of vegetable growing and increase in fruit and vegetable consumption is now evaluated in Cuba.

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Effect of increased fruit and vegetable intake on the susceptibility of lipoprotein to oxidation in smokers

Cited by 80 publications

References 41 publications

Age-related oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters in middle-aged and older European subjects: the ZENITH study

Age-related oxidative stress and antioxidant parameters in middle-aged and older European subjects: the ZENITH study

Effects of enhanced consumption of fruit and vegetables on plasma antioxidant status and oxidative resistance of LDL in smokers supplemented with fish oil

Seasonal variations of antioxidant imbalance in Cuban healthy men

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