Effect of Indenter Load on Vickers Microhardness and Indentation Depth of One Resin Composite

Abstract

The load and size of the indentation may affect the hardness value. This study investigated the effect of the indentation size on the microhardness of one resin-based composite (RBC). Metal molds 4 mm deep and 12 mm in diameter were filled with Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill (Ivoclar) and light-cured for 10 s using a broad-spectrum LED curing light. The Vickers microhardness and the degree of conversion (DC) at the top and bottom surfaces were measured 24 h later before and after polishing the RBC. The microhardness measurements were made using 50, 100, 300 and 1000-gf loads with the same 8 s dwell time. The DC was measured in the same region using mid FT-IR spectroscopy. Repeated measures analysis of variance tests were used to determine if the surface (top vs. bottom) or the indenter loads had a significant effect on the VH, or if polishing affected the VH and the DC (alpha = 0.05). It was found that the indenter load did not affect the Vickers hardness of the unpolished top surface (p = 0.759), the polished top surface (p = 0.374), or the polished bottom surface (p = 0.083) of the Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill. Increasing the indenter load did increase the VH of the unpolished surface at the bottom (p < 0.0001). Polishing increased the DC by 13.5% at the top and by 46.7% at the bottom surface.