Effect of infection with <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes varietas interdigitale</i> on phagocytosis in humans

Gregurek‐Novak, Teodora

doi:10.1111/j.1468-3083.2004.00875.x

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It is generally accepted that the efficient system of phagocytic cells is one of the basic mechanisms of non-specific cellular antimycotic immunity involved in the elimination of dermatophytes. Two different mechanisms are engaged in fungal spores destroyed by granulocytes: the first is connected with oxygen-dependent killing and the second mechanism is connected with enzymatic digestion in lysosomes (10,15,18). The results of the present investigation confirm that the mechanism of oxygen-dependent killing is crucial in infections caused by T. mentagrophytes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…It could be assumed that a decrease or increase in phagocytic activity and oxygen metabolism indices may be somehow related to the progress of infection and suppressive interaction of the fungus, the elimination of which during recovery caused significant increases in investigated indices of non-specific immunity (5,6,13,23). The suppressive effect on cellular non-specific antimycotic mechanisms is caused by mannans which are embedded in cell walls of dermatophytes (2,8,9,10,12). The inhibiting role of these substances is probably blocking surface receptors of phagocytic cells (4,12,15,21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phagocytic activity and oxygen metabolism of peripheral blood granulocytes from rabbits experimentally infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes

Wojcicka-Lorenowicz

Kostro

Lisiecka

et al. 2018

Journal of Veterinary Research

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IntroductionPhagocytic activity and oxygen metabolism of peripheral blood granulocytes from rabbits with experimental trichophytosis were assessed by flow cytometry.Material and MethodsVirulent species of T. mentagrophytes var. granulosum (Tm-K) isolated from rabbits with natural trichophytosis was used for experimental infection. The phagocytic activity of granulocytes was measured in whole blood by flow cytometry using the commercial Phagotest kit. Oxidative burst was measured in whole blood by flow cytometry using the commercial Bursttest kit.ResultsIt was found that rabbits were susceptible to infection with Trichophyton mentagrophytes under experimental conditions. The analysis of the phagocytic activity indices and oxygen metabolism of granulocytes in peripheral blood of infected rabbits showed that changes of the indices were connected with the progression and regression of the disease. A significant decrease in phagocytic activity and oxygen metabolism was observed during development of fungal lesions and it remained similar throughout the progress of the disease. The highest means of the percentage of activated and ingesting phagocytes and a significant increase in the mean fluorescence intensity (representing the number of ingested bacteria) were observed during spontaneous recovery. Therefore, the decrease or increase in the indices of phagocytic activity and oxygen metabolism of granulocytes from rabbits experimentally infected with T. mentagrophytes is somehow related to the progress of infection and suppressive activity of the fungus, whose elimination during recovery caused significant increases in investigated indices of non-specific cellular immunity.ConclusionThe results of the present investigation confirm that the mechanism of oxygen-dependent killing is crucial in infections caused by T. mentagrophytes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phagocytic activity and oxygen metabolism of peripheral blood granulocytes from rabbits experimentally infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes

Wojcicka-Lorenowicz

Kostro

Lisiecka

et al. 2018

Journal of Veterinary Research

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“…Phagocytes released toxic enzymes and kill fungal elements by ingestion and digestion. In one study, phagocytosis was found to be altered in all patients with chronic trichophytosis [6]. There is no consensus as to whether immune responses play a key role in dermatophytosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dermatophytes, mostly Tr. rubrum, possibly produce various mycotoxins, some of which can exert an immunosuppressive activity, favoring the chronicity of infection [6,7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichophyton mentagrophytes-associated Majocchi’s granuloma treated with cryotherapy

Pietrzak¹,

Tomasiewicz²,

Kanitakis³

et al. 2012

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Abstract:We here report the case of a woman with dermatophytosis of the thighs due to Trichophyton mentagrophytes where an unusual clinical picture posed considerable diagnostic and therapeutic problems. She presented numerous skin lesions located on the dorsolateral face of the left thigh and the medial surface of the right calf. The initial lesions consisted of small itchy pustules that evolved to exfoliation after scratching. Results of histopathologic examination of a skin biopsy were consistent with dermatophytosis, although the negativity of PAS staining did not allow confirmation of this diagnosis. Direct microscopic examination with 10% KOH was negative; however, skin cultures on BioMerieux media revealed Tr. Mentagrophytes. Following the diagnosis of Trichophyton infection, the patient was treated with a combination of isoconazole nitrate and difluocortolone valerate. After therapy, both direct microscopic mycologic examination and culture on BioMerieux medium were negative; however, the lesions persisted, assuming a completely different aspect. Cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen was started. This led to a spectacular improvement: the surface of the skin became almost normal, merely showing slight discoloration. An unusual clinical presentation and non-responsiveness to treatment should prompt revision of the primary diagnosis. A negative result of direct microscopy should not exclude the diagnosis of dermatophytosis. Cryotherapy should be considered in cases that do not respond to conventional antifungal medication.

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The Role of Phagocytes and NETs in Dermatophytosis

Yoshikawa

Almeida

2016

Mycopathologia

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Innate immunity is the host first line of defense against pathogens. However, only in recent years, we are beginning to better understand the ways it operates. A key player is this branch of the immune response that are the phagocytes, as macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils. These cells act as sentinels, employing specialized receptors in the sensing of invaders and host injury, and readily responding to them by production of inflammatory mediators. They afford protection not only by ingesting and destroying pathogens, but also by providing a suitable biochemical environment that shapes the adaptive response. In this review, we aim to present a broad perspective about the role of phagocytes in dermatophytosis, focusing on the mechanisms possibly involved in protective and non-protective responses. A full understanding of how phagocytes fit in the pathogenesis of these infections may open the venue for the development of new and more effective therapeutic approaches.

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Effect of infection with Trichophyton mentagrophytes varietas interdigitale on phagocytosis in humans

Abstract: This investigation confirms the defect in the function of phagocytes of patients chronically infected by T. m. var. interdig. Terbinafine was shown to be an effective antimycotic drug, both fungicidal and immunostimulative.

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Phagocytic activity and oxygen metabolism of peripheral blood granulocytes from rabbits experimentally infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes

Phagocytic activity and oxygen metabolism of peripheral blood granulocytes from rabbits experimentally infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes

Trichophyton mentagrophytes-associated Majocchi’s granuloma treated with cryotherapy

The Role of Phagocytes and NETs in Dermatophytosis

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