Effect of Initial Particle Size and Densification on AFEX-Pretreated Biomass for Ethanol Production

Rijal, Binod; Biersbach, Gwen; Gibbons, William R.; Pryor, Scott W.

doi:10.1007/s12010-014-1120-y

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Additional studies have been performed quantifying ethanol yields from densified AFEXpretreated corn stover, switchgrass, and prairie cordgrass. Rijal et al [69] studied the effect of initial particle size (2, 4, 8 mm) and densification on ethanol production. They employed a novel densification method, ComPAKo that uses a gear, mesh system to produce compacted biomass briquettes (1 inch × 0.5 inch × 4 inch).…”

Section: Compako Briquettesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass Blending and Densification: Impacts on Feedstock Supply and Biochemical Conversion Performance

Ray¹,

Li²,

Thompson³

et al. 2017

Biomass Volume Estimation and Valorization for Energy

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The success of lignocellulosic biofuels and biochemical industries depends on an economic and reliable supply of high-quality biomass. However, research and development efforts have been historically focused on the utilization of agriculturally derived cellulosic feedstocks, without considerations of their low energy density, high variations in compositions and potential supply risks in terms of availability and affordability. This chapter demonstrated a strategy of feedstock blending and densification to address the supply chain challenges. Blending takes advantage of low-cost feedstock to avoid the prohibitive costs incurred through reliance on a single feedstock resource, while densification produces feedstocks with increased bulk density and desirable feed handling properties, as well as reduced transportation cost. We also review recent research on the blending and densification dealing with various types of feedstocks with a focus on the impacts of these preprocessing steps on biochemical conversion, that is, various thermochemical pretreatment chemistries and enzymatic hydrolysis, into fermentable sugars for biofuel production.

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Section: Compako Briquettesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass Blending and Densification: Impacts on Feedstock Supply and Biochemical Conversion Performance

Ray¹,

Li²,

Thompson³

et al. 2017

Biomass Volume Estimation and Valorization for Energy

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“…Comparative studies between wet and dry milling showed that ~5% more ethanol yields with wet milling process, dry milling process and the average oil content of germ was 10% more 17,18,42 . Pretreatment cost of directly fermentable sugar containing materials is less, whereas indirectly fermentable starchy materials need costly pretreatment to convert them into fermentable substrates 52 .…”

Section: Ethanol From Gasification Of Lignocellulosic Biomassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viable Feedstock Options and Technological Challenges for Ethanol Production in India

2016

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Though improvements in processing and technology are important, the fluctuating price of inputs such as molasses, corn, sugar beet, sugarcane, sweet sorghum, starch, etc. and their seasonal availability play an important role in ethanol industry. As a matter of fact, the ethanol industry based on conventional resources has reached its saturation point. Technologies for ethanol production from lignocellulosics are being developed by scientists world over with the objective of exploiting the potential of a resource, which is otherwise considered a waste, to generate energy. The focus has been to produce ethanol in a cost-effective manner, besides aiming to find use of its by-products as food supplements for cattles, etc. Recent developments like adoption of technologies such as dry grind fractionation, which is now commercially viable, would reduce the cost of milling; wet milling being costintensive and dry milling requiring smaller plants.

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“…Introduction Lignocellulosic biomass, for example corn stover, switchgrass, and prairie cord grass are widely available and can be converted through wide range of technologies to different forms of energy, chemicals, and materials [1,2]. Efficient conversion of biomass into bioenergy relies heavily on the effective, consistent, and economical transport of biomass from field to the biorefinery.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ND) was used to compact the AFEXpretreated switchgrass, corn stover, and prairie cord grass of different grind sizes (2 mm, 4 mm, and 8 mm). Unlike the commercial ring die pelleting units, this system uses a gear and mesh system to compress the biomass [1]. The system operates at relatively low temperatures (ambient to 60 C) and pressures with low energy input (180 HP motor to produce 7e8 tons/h).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The briquettes/pellets produced by using ComPAKco system post-AFEX pretreatment are referred to as the "PAKs" throughout the article. Rijal et al [1] studied the effect of densification on biochemical conversion of these PAKs by subjecting to fermentation process and their result showed that densification process did not counteract the effect of original pretreatment. Their study showed that AFEX pretreatment may enable the use of low-pressure, low-temperature densification in producing the biomass pellets.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical characteristics of AFEX-pretreated and densified switchgrass, prairie cord grass, and corn stover

Karki

Muthukumarappan

Wang

et al. 2015

Biomass and Bioenergy

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LignocellulosicPellet durability Storage a b s t r a c tThe goal of the study was to evaluate and compare the physical properties of control, pretreated and densified corn stover, switchgrass, and prairie cord grass samples.Ammonia Fiber Expansion (AFEX) pretreated switchgrass, corn stover, and prairie cord grass samples were densified by using the comPAKco device developed by Federal Machine Company of Fargo, ND. The densified biomass were referred as "PAKs" in this study. All feedstocks were ground into three different grind size of 2, 4 and 8 mm prior to AFEX pretreatment and the impact of grinding on pellet properties was studied. The results showed that the physical properties of AFEX-PAKed material were not influenced by the initial grind size of the feedstocks. The bulk density of the AFEX-PAKed biomass increased by 1.2e6 fold as compared to untreated and AFEX-pretreated materials. The durability of the AFEX-PAKed materials were between 78.25 and 95.2%, indicating that the AFEX-PAKed biomass can be transported easily. To understand the effect of storage on the physical properties of these materials, samples were stored in the ambient condition (20 ± 2 C and 70 ± 5% relative humidity) for six months. After storage, thermal properties of the biomass did not change but glass transition temperature decreased. The water absorption index and water solubility index of AFEX-treated and AFEX-PAKed biomass showed mixed trends after storage. Moisture content decreased and durability increased upon storage. ScienceDirect ht tp://www.elsevier.com/locate/biombioe b i o m a s s a n d b i o e n e r g y 7 8 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 1 6 4 e1 7 4 http://dx.

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Effect of Initial Particle Size and Densification on AFEX-Pretreated Biomass for Ethanol Production

Cited by 19 publications

References 22 publications

Biomass Blending and Densification: Impacts on Feedstock Supply and Biochemical Conversion Performance

Biomass Blending and Densification: Impacts on Feedstock Supply and Biochemical Conversion Performance

Viable Feedstock Options and Technological Challenges for Ethanol Production in India

Physical characteristics of AFEX-pretreated and densified switchgrass, prairie cord grass, and corn stover

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