Effect of Injection Timing on Piston Surface Fuel Impingement and Vaporization in Direct Injection, Spark Ignition Engines

Hennessey, Robert; Fuentes, Arturo; Wicker, Ryan B.

doi:10.4271/2001-01-2025

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Late SOIs cause a reduction in the time for the preparation of the AF mixture, which can promote a decrease in the degree of evaporation of the fuel and a decrease in the homogenization of the charge, producing an increase in THC emissions. Additionally, since the injectors are placed between the intake valves, a change in the injection timing can lead to a valve impingement, which produces an increase in the THC [57,58]. In this sense, the later the SOI the higher intake valve lift as it is observed in Figure 5.…”

Section: Raw Thc Emission Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

Analysis of Regulated Pollutant Emissions and Aftertreatment Efficiency in a GTDi Engine Using Different SOI Strategies

Bermúdez

Luján

Climent

et al. 2018

SAE Int. J. Engines

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In order to improve performance and minimize pollutant emissions in gasoline turbocharged directinjection (GTDi) engines, different injection strategies and technologies are being investigated. The inclusion of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and the variation of the start of injection (SOI) are some of these strategies that can influence the air-to-fuel (AF) mixture formation and consequently in the combustion process and pollutant emissions. This paper presents a complete study of the engine performance, pollutant emissions and aftertreatment efficiency that produces the SOI variation with a fixed EGR rate in a 4-cylinder, turbocharged, gasoline direct-injection engine with 2.0 L displacement. The equipment used in this study are TSI-EEPS for particle measurement and HORIBA MEXA 1230-PM for soot measurement being HORIBA MEXA 7100-DEGR with a heated line selector the system employed for regulated gaseous emission measurement and aftertreatment evaluation. The experimental results confirm how the use of an adequate SOI strategy is indispensable to obtain low exhaust emissions values and a balance between the different pollutants. There was found a slight reduction in brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) with the SOI advance. The experiments showed a decrease in CO, a non-sensible variation of THC and an increase in NOx emissions with SOI delay. Additionally, a significant increase in particle emissions was observed with early SOIs. Finally, with the SOI delay the aftertreatment performance revealed an increase in the oxidation of CO and a decrease in the reduction of NOx.

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Section: Raw Thc Emission Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

Analysis of Regulated Pollutant Emissions and Aftertreatment Efficiency in a GTDi Engine Using Different SOI Strategies

Bermúdez

Luján

Climent

et al. 2018

SAE Int. J. Engines

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show abstract

“…The much higher injection pressures of DI also encourages rapid fuel atomization and an increased vaporization rate, which also aids combustion stability [24]. However, this can lead to fuel impingement on the piston or cylinder wall [25]. Therefore, as with ignition timing, it is essential to understand the change in engine behavior as the injection timing is varied when introducing new fuels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Combustion Phasing, Injection Timing, Relative Air-Fuel Ratio and Variable Valve Timing on SI Engine Performance and Emissions using 2,5-Dimethylfuran

Daniel¹,

Wang²,

Xu³

et al. 2012

SAE Int. J. Fuels Lubr.

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Ethanol has long been regarded as the optimal gasoline-alternative biofuel for spark-ignition (SI) engines. It is used widely in Latin and North America and is increasingly accepted as an attractive option across Europe. Nevertheless, its low energy density requires a high rate of manufacture; in areas which are deficient of arable land, such rates might prove problematic. Therefore, fuels with higher calorific values, such as butanol or 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF) deserve consideration; a similar yield to ethanol, in theory, would require much less land. This report addresses the suitability of DMF, to meet the needs as a biofuel substitute for gasoline in SI engines, using ethanol as the biofuel benchmark. Specific attention is given to the sensitivity of DMF to various engine control parameters: combustion phasing (ignition timing), injection timing, relative air-fuel ratio and valve timing (intake and exhaust). Focus is given to the window for optimization; the parameter range which sustains optimal IMEP (within 2%) but provides the largest reduction of emissions (HC or NO x). The test results using a single cylinder SI research engine at 1500rpm show how DMF is less sensitive to key engine parameters, compared to gasoline. This allows a wider window for emissions optimization because the IMEP remains optimal across a greater parameter range.

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“…More rapid impingement was also observed at elevated temperature conditions. Hennessey et al (2001) studied the effect of piston temperature on fuel impingement in a DISI engine. The authors observed the fuel impingement on piston surface for all the surface temperatures investigated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel spray visualization and its impingement analysis on in-cylinder surfaces in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine

Mittal

Hung

Zhu

et al. 2011

J Vis

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Experiments are performed to investigate the effects of fuel spray on in-cylinder mixture preparation and its impingement on cylinder walls and piston top inside a direct-injection spark-ignition engine with optical access to the cylinder. Novel image processing algorithms are developed to analyze the fuel impingement quantitatively on in-cylinder surfaces. The technique is useful to optimize the fuel pressure, injection timing and the number of injections to minimize the fuel impingement on in-cylinder surfaces. E85, which represents a blend of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline (by volume) is used in this study. Two types of fuel injectors are used; (i) low-pressure production-intent injector with fuel pressure of 3 MPa, and (ii) high-pressure production injector with fuel pressures of 5 and 10 MPa. In addition, the effects of split injection are also presented by maintaining the same amount of fuel used in single injection. It is found that the split injection is an effective way to reduce the overall fuel impingement on in-cylinder surfaces while maintaining a reasonably good air-fuel mixture in the cylinder.

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Effect of Injection Timing on Piston Surface Fuel Impingement and Vaporization in Direct Injection, Spark Ignition Engines

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Analysis of Regulated Pollutant Emissions and Aftertreatment Efficiency in a GTDi Engine Using Different SOI Strategies

Analysis of Regulated Pollutant Emissions and Aftertreatment Efficiency in a GTDi Engine Using Different SOI Strategies

Effects of Combustion Phasing, Injection Timing, Relative Air-Fuel Ratio and Variable Valve Timing on SI Engine Performance and Emissions using 2,5-Dimethylfuran

Fuel spray visualization and its impingement analysis on in-cylinder surfaces in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine

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