Effect of materials mixture on the higher heating value: Case of biomass, biochar and municipal solid waste

Boumanchar, Imane; Chhiti, Younes; Alaoui, Fatima Ezzahrae M’hamdi; Ouinani, Amal El; Sahibed-Dine, Abdelaziz; Bentiss, Fouad; Jama, Charafeddine; Bensitel, M.

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2016.11.012

Cited by 69 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The higher heating values (HHVs) could be determined by a bomb calorimeter or calculated theoretically from the elemental composition (Boumanchar et al, 2017). HHVs of biochars were computed according to the results of elemental analysis (i.e., proportion of C, N, H, and O) in this study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis temperature and feedstock alter the functional groups and carbon sequestration potential of Phragmites australis‐ and Spartina alterniflora‐derived biochars

Wang

Bai

et al. 2021

GCB Bioenergy

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Biochar produced by pyrolysis of biomass under oxygen‐limited conditions has recently attracted increasing attention. To investigate the effects of feedstock and pyrolysis temperature on biochar characteristics, Phragmites australis straw and Spartina alterniflora straw were used to produce biochars at different temperatures from 300 to 500°C with an increment of 50°C. The biochars were characterized by their yields, ash contents, elemental compositions (i.e., carbon [C], hydrogen [H], oxygen [O], and nitrogen [N]), functional groups, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) contents, carbon sequestration potential, higher heating values (HHVs), and production costs. The results illustrated that pyrolysis temperature negatively affected biochar yields, H and O contents. In contrast, biochar produced at high temperature showed high ash contents, C contents, HHVs, and stronger aromaticity with low H/C and O/C ratios. In addition, S. alterniflora‐derived biochar (SB) contained higher ash content but lower C/H/N/O contents and HHVs than P. australis‐derived biochar (PB; p < 0.05). In addition, DOC contents in both SB and PB declined as temperature increased, and SB exhibited higher DOC contents than PB. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that absorption intensities of –OH, C=O, –CH, and –C–O–C‐stretching vibration declined with increasing temperature. The stability of the biochars was enhanced at high temperatures, and the biochar derived from S. alterniflora at 500°C might have a better carbon sequestration potential according to thermogravimetric analysis. Additionally, cost analysis showed that the production cost of biochar with large‐scale reactor was lower than that with bench‐scale reactor, and SB had a higher cost than PB due to the price of feedstock and drying process for the former. Our results could offer effective information on resource utilization of P. australis and S. alterniflora straw and are valuable for optimizing pyrolysis temperature to tune P. australis and S. alterniflora biochar properties for specific environmental usage.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis temperature and feedstock alter the functional groups and carbon sequestration potential of Phragmites australis‐ and Spartina alterniflora‐derived biochars

Wang

Bai

et al. 2021

GCB Bioenergy

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“…The higher heating value of pyrolysis oils was between 29.8 and 42.6 MJ/kg, which is lower than that of the petroleum based heating oil, but high enough for energy generation. It is also well known that biomass mixing in the raw material results in significantly decreased heating value, which is the consequence of the increased ratio of oxygen containing products and the lower proportion of heteroatom free hydrocarbons in the pyrolysis oil [36]. Both the decreased density and the increased volatility data resulting in decreased boiling point ranges (Table 3) of the plastic mixture, which produces long-chain alkanes and alkenes during pyrolysis.…”

Section: Batch Reactor Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-catalytic pyrolysis of biomass and plastic mixtures using HZSM-5

et al. 2017

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The catalytic effect of HZSM-5 zeolite was studied on the thermal decomposition of model waste mixtures of plastics (composed of PE, PP, and PET) and biomass (composed of newspaper, cardboard, and pine sawdust). The influence of temperature and catalyst ratio as well as the hindering effect of cellulose and lignin on the catalytic decomposition of plastic waste were studied applying analytical pyrolysis at low and high heating rate by thermogravimetry/mass spectrometry (TG/MS) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS), respectively. The products of laboratory scale batch pyrolysis and thermo-catalytic pyrolysis were analyzed in details and compared. HZSM-5 catalyst reduced the thermal stability of plastic waste, but the catalytic effect was blocked when 50% cellulose or 10% lignin were mixed in the plastic waste. Principal component analysis (PCA) has been applied to reveal correlations between the composition of pyrolysis products, pyrolysis temperature and proportion of the applied catalyst. It was established that the hindering effect of biomass could be compensated by applying higher catalyst ratio. In a batch reactor, the use of HZSM-5 catalyst led to a significant increase in the yields of volatiles (both gases and pyrolysis oil); moreover aromatization or isomerization effects have been observed. Aromatic compounds were produced to a reduced extent by thermo-catalytic pyrolysis of biomasscontaining plastic waste compared to that of plastic waste indicating that the cellulose and lignin components of the waste lower the HZSM-5 catalyst activity.

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“…Recent researches interest in using the solid carbonized products as a substitute to coal has gained much attention 10–13 . Solid carbonized products have many advantages over conventional fossils fuels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Evaluation of Hydrothermal Carbonization and Low Temperature Pyrolysis of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver for the Production of Solid Biofuel

Wang

Qiu

Zhu

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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This study evaluates the feasibility of two thermal pretreatments including hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and low temperature pyrolysis (LTP) on the production of Eucommia ulmoides biochar. The waste wood of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver was pretreated and characterized for fuel applications. The results confirm that both LTP and HTC are promising processes for improving fuel properties. However, for the same char yield, the required temperature for HTC is lower than LTP, as the char yields of H 200 and L 300 were quite close (66.50% vs. 66.74%). The surface morphology is significantly different between the pyrolytic carbon and the hydrochar. In addition, it was found that the H/C and O/C ratios of H 300 were 0.82 and 0.21, respectively, and the H/C and O/C ratios of L 340 were 0.77 and 0.22, respectively. They were similar to that of sub-bituminous. Moreover, under the same reaction temperature, hydrochar showed better grindability, hydrophobicity, and reduction in inorganic content. Comparing the integrated combustion characteristic index ( S ), LTP process had the better performance within the lower temperature under 220 °C while HTC process performed better at temperature higher than 300 °C. The results reveal that HTC has the potential to produce solid carbonized products with better fuel quality.

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Effect of materials mixture on the higher heating value: Case of biomass, biochar and municipal solid waste

Cited by 69 publications

References 74 publications

Pyrolysis temperature and feedstock alter the functional groups and carbon sequestration potential of Phragmites australis‐ and Spartina alterniflora‐derived biochars

Pyrolysis temperature and feedstock alter the functional groups and carbon sequestration potential of Phragmites australis‐ and Spartina alterniflora‐derived biochars

Thermo-catalytic pyrolysis of biomass and plastic mixtures using HZSM-5

Comparative Evaluation of Hydrothermal Carbonization and Low Temperature Pyrolysis of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver for the Production of Solid Biofuel

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