“…During cabling, handling, joining and operation, the tapes are expected to experience mechanical loads, which may significantly modify their structure, and hence alter the electromagnetic properties. Thus, in the second stage, we spent efforts to understand the changes in the structure after the tapes were mechanical loaded (5,6). For some applications, longer lengths of tapes are required than it is feasible to prepare; there is thus necessity to improve joining techniques with the goal to minimize degradation effects of the joining on superconductor (7,8).…”