Effect of Microbial Inoculation on Carbon Preservation during Goat Manure Aerobic Composting

Abstract

Carbon is the crucial source of energy during aerobic composting. There are few studies that explore carbon preservation by inoculation with microbial agents during goat manure composting. Hence, this study inoculated three proportions of microbial agents to investigate the preservation of carbon during goat manure composting. The microbial inoculums were composed of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, and yeast, and the proportions were B1 treatment (1:1:1:1:2), B2 treatment (2:2:1:1:2), and B3 treatment (3:3:1:1:2). The results showed that the contents of total organic carbon were enriched by 12.21%, 4.87%, and 1.90% in B1 treatment, B2 treatment, and B3 treatment, respectively. The total organic carbon contents of B1 treatment, B2 treatment, and B3 treatment were 402.00 ± 2.65, 366.33 ± 1.53, and 378.33 ± 2.08 g/kg, respectively. B1 treatment significantly increased the content of total organic carbon compared with the other two treatments (p < 0.05). Moreover, the ratio of 1:1:1:1:2 significantly reduced the moisture content, pH value, EC value, hemicellulose, and lignin contents (p < 0.05), and significantly increased the GI value and the content of humic acid carbon (p < 0.05). Consequently, the preservation of carbon might be a result not only of the enrichment of the humic acid carbon and the decomposition of hemicellulose and lignin, but also the increased OTU amount and Lactobacillus abundance. This result provided a ratio of microbial agents to preserve the carbon during goat manure aerobic composting.

Bacillus subtilisimpact on plant growth, soil health and environment: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde

“…Bacillus subtilis applied at lower concentration (0.5%) reduced mineralization in the cooling and maturity stages of composting and enhanced the humification of carbon (Duan et al, 2020). However, inoculation of B. subtilis at a higher percentage (>2%) increased the fermentation process but inhibited the synthesis of total organic carbon and humus (Lu et al, 2021). Thus, the concentration of the bacteria used for composting affects the sequestration ability of the soil.…”

Combined Use of Biochar and Microbial Agents Can Promote Lignocellulosic Degradation Microbial Community Optimization during Composting of Submerged Plants

“…Wetland sediment could significantly increase the diversity and abundance of microorganisms, and the homemade microbial agent promoted the degradation of refractory compounds. Therefore, a synergistic effect between additives effectively promoted the formation of HA and FA degradation, improving the degree of heap humification [3].…”

“…Therefore, it is an urgent topic to study the problems caused by the accumulation and decay of submerged plants. Aerobic composting is one of the effective technologies of solid waste recycling treatment and has been widely applied in the reduction and harmless treatment of waste [3,4]. It will be an effective method for the resourceful treatment of aquatic plant residue.…”

The effect of bioactivator formulation on nutritional quality and functional microbial content in goat feces biofertilizer

“…Carbon availability in biofertilizer is influenced by the type of raw materials and microorganisms contained therein. Microorganisms Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, and yeast with the proportion (1:1:1:1:2) showed the highest increase in total carbon (12.21%) [22]. Consequently, the preservation of carbon might result not only from the enrichment of the humic acid carbon and the decomposition of hemicellulose and lignin, but also the increased amount of OTU and abundance of Lactobacillus.…”