Effect of naturally occurring visual acuity differences between two eyes in stereoacuity

Lam, Andrew K. C.; Chau, Apries S. Y.; Lam, Wendy; Leung, Gloria Y. O.; Man, Becky S. H.

doi:10.1046/j.1475-1313.1996.95000348.x

Cited by 25 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 0 publications

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“…Both functions presented a reduction of 1 log unit with addition of a + 5.0 D defocus. These findings are supported by previous studies (Lam et al. , 1996; Menon et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Both functions presented a reduction of 1 log unit with addition of a + 5.0 D defocus. These findings are supported by previous studies (Lam et al, 1996;Menon et al, 1997). However, we found that the optical blur of +1.0 and +2.0 diopters did not differ from the condition without lens, but for higher values each unit of increasing lens power caused a significant reduction in both stereoacuity and visual acuity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Lam et al. (1996) also found worse stereoacuity in subjects with larger interocular difference for visual acuity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Their conclusions are inconsistent and huge discrepancies are present; varying from a marginal effect of blur on stereopsis, to a notable dependence of the stereoacuity on stimulus blur. Other authors have found a relationship between visual acuity and stereoacuity (Lam et al, 1996;Menon et al, 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Effects of age and optical blur on real depth stereoacuity

Costa

Moreira

Hamer

et al. 2010

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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Stereoscopic depth perception utilizes the disparity cues between the images that fall on the retinae of the two eyes. The purpose of this study was to determine what role aging and optical blur play in stereoscopic disparity sensitivity for real depth stimuli. Forty-six volunteers were tested ranging in age from 15 to 60 years. Crossed and uncrossed disparity thresholds were measured using white light under conditions of best optical correction. The uncrossed disparity thresholds were also measured with optical blur (from +1.0D to +5.0D added to the best correction). Stereothresholds were measured using the Frisby Stereo Test, which utilizes a four-alternative forced-choice staircase procedure. The threshold disparities measured for young adults were frequently lower than 10 arcsec, a value considerably lower than the clinical estimates commonly obtained using Random Dot Stereograms (20 arcsec) or Titmus Fly Test (40 arcsec) tests. Contrary to previous reports, disparity thresholds increased between the ages of 31 and 45 years. This finding should be taken into account in clinical evaluation of visual function of older patients. Optical blur degrades visual acuity and stereoacuity similarly under white-light conditions, indicating that both functions are affected proportionally by optical defocus.

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“…Both functions presented a reduction of 1 log unit with addition of a + 5.0 D defocus. These findings are supported by previous studies (Lam et al. , 1996; Menon et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Lam et al. (1996) also found worse stereoacuity in subjects with larger interocular difference for visual acuity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of age and optical blur on real depth stereoacuity

Costa

Moreira

Hamer

et al. 2010

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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“…Stereoacuity testing can give the clinician important information from a test of relatively short duration . It plays a key role in the detection of various binocular vision anomalies, and in monitoring the treatment of binocular vision anomalies and certain ocular motility problems . The appreciation of stereoacuity can indicate the reliability and validity of patient responses during orthoptic exercises.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manufacturer changes lead to clinically important differences between two editions of the TNO stereotest

Doorn

Evans

Edgar

et al. 2013

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Abstract Purpose: Stereoacuity tests used in clinical practice should be repeatable and reproducible. However, it has been observed in a clinical setting that new editions of the TNO stereotest appear to give different values from those obtained using previous versions. The purpose of the present research was to investigate this observation. Methods: One hundred and twenty-one Dutch subjects, 88 (73%) females and 33 (27%) males, with an average age of 34.0 years (range 18-55) had their stereoacuity measured using two different versions of the TNO stereoacuity test (TNO 13 and TNO 15). The TNO was tested in a counterbalanced order so that consecutive subjects started with alternate editions to avoid bias. Results: There was a significant difference (p < 0.001) between the median value for stereoacuity measured with TNO 13 (30 s of arc) and TNO 15 (60 s of arc). The bias between the two test versions was À0.23 Log arcseconds (95% limits of the differences: 0.15 to À0.60 Log arcseconds). Conclusion: This study reveals that results obtained with two different editions of a commonplace stereoacuity test are not comparable. New versions come on the market at regular intervals and the assumption that they will give the same results as previous versions may not be valid. Besides the statistically significant difference between the TNO 13 and TNO 15, the Bland-Altman plot also showed a considerable bias and the 95% limits of the differences between the TNO 13 and TNO 15 are more than two steps on the Log arcsecond scale. This difference between two editions of the TNO stereotests is not clinically acceptable and therefore it is inappropriate to use the two versions of the test interchangeably. It is important in both research and clinical records to specify the edition of the TNO test used. Permanent repository link

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Up‐and‐Down Method

Gross

McLean

2005

Encyclopedia of Biostatistics

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The Up‐and‐Down method is employed in dose–response studies where the aim is to model the probability of a binary outcome in terms of covariates, one of which is the dose being administered. The method allows for sequential choice of doses, dependent on the outcome of the previous dose. It is used in toxicology experiments in which the outcome is death: following a death, the next unit receives a lower dose, whereas a survival leads to the dose being increased.

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Effect of naturally occurring visual acuity differences between two eyes in stereoacuity

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of age and optical blur on real depth stereoacuity

Effects of age and optical blur on real depth stereoacuity

Manufacturer changes lead to clinically important differences between two editions of the TNO stereotest

Up‐and‐Down Method

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