Effect of Peer Learning and Support on Quality of Routine Immunization Data in Nasarawa State: A Cluster Randomized Trial

Abstract

Background: Immunization data are particularly of poor quality in Nasarawa State, with a wide disparity between administrative and survey data. Peer learning and support have been proven to improve real-time accountability processes in data management by fostering a supportive learning environment. Aim: This study was conducted to assess the effect of peer learning and support in improving the quality of routine immunization data in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A cluster randomized trial was conducted in four local government areas (LGAs) in Nasarawa State (two intervention and two control sites). Monthly sessions of peer learning meetings were conducted in the intervention LGAs for a three-month period. A total of 218 primary health centers were recruited for the study. Data from routine immunization records including the health facility data quality assurance survey and district health information system (DHIS2) were collected using the Open Data Kit software. Descriptive univariate and bivariate analyses were performed using SPSS. RI data accuracy, completeness of reporting, and timeliness of reporting were compared in the intervention and the control LGAs. Results: There were slight improvements in the overall quality of RI data in the intervention LGAs compared to the control. However, when considered according to timeliness, completeness, and accuracy, there were some unexpected findings. However, the intervention sites showed more consistent improvement overtime compared to the control sites. Conclusion: Peer learning and support can improve the quality of RI data, but this may require a longer period to produce significant effect.