Effect of pH on anionic polyacrylamide adhesion: New insights into membrane fouling based on XDLVO analysis

Quantitative Assessment of Interfacial Interactions Governing Ultrafiltration Membrane Fouling by the Mixture of Silica Nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) and Natural Organic Matter (NOM): Effects of Solution Chemistry

“…In other words, the more negative the value of interaction energy, the higher the fouling potential. The results observed here are in good agreement with those of previous studies, wherein the extent of fouling was also plotted as a function of interaction energy [23,27,47]. The linear fitting to experimental data shows that the correlation coefficients were all above 0.7, further validating the critical role of membrane-foulant and foulant-foulant interactions in the initial and later membrane fouling stages, respectively.…”

“…The contact angles of the PES UF membrane and the SiO 2 NP-NOM mixture were measured using a contact angle analyzer (JC2000C Contact Angle Meter, Shanghai Zhongchen Experiment Equipment Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China) based on the sessile drop method [23,28,29]. The SiO 2 NP-NOM mixture was first deposited on the PES UF membrane using the deadend stirred-cell filtration system, and then subjected to contact angle measurement [30].…”

“…Fouling potential (K) was adopted as the indicator for membrane fouling evaluation. It is defined as the reduction in normalized flux caused by a unit mass of SiO 2 NP-NOM mixture filtered through the membrane [23]. The fouling potential in the initial (adhesion) and later (cohesion) stages was determined according to the following equation.…”

“…Although it has been successfully used to explain membrane fouling mechanisms in many other UF processes [23,24], the xDLVO theory has not yet been applied to elucidate the interfacial interactions governing UF membrane fouling by SiO 2 NP-NOM mixtures, not to mention under scenarios of different solution chemistry conditions. The lack of such useful information greatly hinders the development of more precise control strategies for UF membrane fouling by SiO 2 NP-NOM mixtures.…”

Mathematical Modeling of Double Filtration by Colloidal Theory with Study Water Containing Microcystis spp.

“…In several regions the water full of algae due to the eutrophication of big lakes and reservoirs is used as raw water for drinking water [3]. The eutrophication is a phenomenon which occurs due to the high presence of nutrients in the water bodies, especially nitrogen and phosphor, favoring the excessive increase of micro algae, what turns out to be deleterious to aquatic ecosystems [4,5].…”