Effect of Phosphorous-Containing Compounds on Polymorphic Formation of Calcium Carbonate

We have isolated a new matrix protein family (N16) which is specific to the nacreous layer of the Japanese pearl oyster, Pinctada fucata, and have cloned and characterized the cDNAs coding for the components. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that N16 showed no definitive homology with other proteins. The in vitro studies of the crystallization clarified that N16 induced aragonite crystals when fixed on the substrate but inhibited crystal formation without it. The aragonite crystals showed platy morphology different from those formed inorganically, and long intervals of incubation resulted in crystalline layers highly similar to the nacreous layer.z 1999 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.

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A new matrix protein family related to the nacreous layer formation of Pinctada fucata

Samata

Hayashi²,

et al. 1999

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In Vitro Regulation of CaCO₃Crystal Growth by the Highly Acidic Proteins of Calcitic Sclerites in Soft Coral,Sinularia Polydactyla

Rahman

Oomori

2009

Connective Tissue Research

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Acidic proteins are generally thought to control mineral formation and growth in biocalcification. Analysis of proteinaceous components in the soluble and insoluble matrix fractions of sclerites in Sinularia polydactyla indicates that aspartic acid composes about 60% of the insoluble and 29% of the soluble matrix fractions. We previously analyzed aspartic acids in the matrix fractions (insoluble = 17 mol%; soluble = 38 mol%) of sclerites from a different type of soft coral, Lobophytum crassum, which showed comparatively lower aspartic acid-rich proteins than S. polydactyla. Thus, characterization of highly acidic proteins in the organic matrix of present species is an important first step toward linking function to individual proteins in soft coral. Here, we show that aspartic-acid rich proteins can control the CaCO(3) polymorph in vitro. The CaCO(3) precipitates in vitro in the presence of aspartic acid-rich proteins and 50 mM Mg(2+) was verified by Raman microprobe analysis. The matrix proteins of sclerites demonstrated that the aspartic-acid rich domain is crucial for the calcite precipitation in soft corals. The crystalline form of CaCO(3) in the presence of aspartic acid-rich proteins in vitro was identified by X-ray diffraction and, revealed calcitic polymorphisms with a strong (104) reflection. The structure of soft coral organic matrices containing aspartate-rich proteins and polysaccharides was assessed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. These results strongly suggest that the aspartic acid-rich proteins within the organic matrix of soft corals play a key role in biomineralization regulation.

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Identification and function of new proteins in calcified endoskeleton: A new insight in the calcification mechanism of soft corals

Rahman

Oomori

2008

Oceans 2008

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Effect of Phosphorous-Containing Compounds on Polymorphic Formation of Calcium Carbonate

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

A new matrix protein family related to the nacreous layer formation of Pinctada fucata

A new matrix protein family related to the nacreous layer formation of Pinctada fucata

In Vitro Regulation of CaCO₃Crystal Growth by the Highly Acidic Proteins of Calcitic Sclerites in Soft Coral,Sinularia Polydactyla

Identification and function of new proteins in calcified endoskeleton: A new insight in the calcification mechanism of soft corals

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Effect of Phosphorous-Containing Compounds on Polymorphic Formation of Calcium Carbonate

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

A new matrix protein family related to the nacreous layer formation of Pinctada fucata

A new matrix protein family related to the nacreous layer formation of Pinctada fucata

In Vitro Regulation of CaCO3Crystal Growth by the Highly Acidic Proteins of Calcitic Sclerites in Soft Coral,Sinularia Polydactyla

Identification and function of new proteins in calcified endoskeleton: A new insight in the calcification mechanism of soft corals

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In Vitro Regulation of CaCO₃Crystal Growth by the Highly Acidic Proteins of Calcitic Sclerites in Soft Coral,Sinularia Polydactyla