Effect of pruning on Prosopis juliflora: considerations for tropical dryland agroforestry

Elfadl, Mohamed; Luukkanen, Olavi

doi:10.1006/jare.2002.1069

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Several authors have argued that partial defoliation decreases source:sink ratio and increases demand for carbohydrates to rebuild crowns [45,46]. Many other studies have shown that partial defoliation increases stomatal conductance [47][48][49][50], as our study shows.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Sex-specific responses of Populus deltoides to defoliation

Duan

et al. 2017

Acta Soc Bot Pol

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There has been an increasing interest in understanding the differential effects of sexual dimorphism on plant stress responses. However, there is no clear pattern in the responses of the sexes to defoliation. In this study, the effects of different severity of artificial defoliation on biomass production, total nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) concentration, and photosynthetic rate (P N ) of male and female Populus deltoides were examined. We used half and full defoliation to observe the differences between the sexes in three harvest dates (1 week, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after treatments). We hypothesized that female and male P. deltoides compared with an undefoliated control would have compensatory growth in response to defoliation treatments. Results showed that half and full defoliation reduced the growth of both sexes. Following half defoliation, root growth was reduced, especially in males, at T2 (4 weeks after defoliation) and T3 (8 weeks after defoliation), while males showed an increase in height increment under the half defoliation compared with the nondefoliation treatments. By contrast, females were more negatively affected by defoliation than males in terms of biomass after 8 weeks. One week after defoliation, P N increased significantly in females and males under half defoliation (+30%, +32%, respectively) and full defoliation (+58%, +56%, respectively). However, 8 weeks after defoliation, there was little difference in P N between defoliated and undefoliated female cuttings. Increases in stomatal conductance (g s ) and leaf nitrogen were observed under fully defoliated female and male cuttings. Moreover, males had less NSC concentrations following half defoliation compared with females. Our results indicate that leaf compensatory growth in male cuttings of P. deltoides was maintained by obtaining greater photosynthetic capacity, higher leaf nitrogen, and lower NSC concentration following half and full defoliation. Our results highlight that females suffered from greater negative effects than did males following half defoliation, but under full defoliation, the differences between both sexes were subtle.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Sex-specific responses of Populus deltoides to defoliation

Duan

et al. 2017

Acta Soc Bot Pol

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“…The improved light environment and carbon assimilation (Pinkard et al 1998;Bayala et al 2008) following pruning and a functional equilibrium between roots and shoots with regard to the allocation of photosynthates are plausible explanations for the higher root 32 P uptake and root activity noted. Consistent with this, Vanlauwe et al (2002) in Senna siamea and Elfadl and Luukkanen (2003) in Prosopis juliflora reported complementary effects of tree pruning on fine root dynamics. Although pruning-induced aboveground growth (height or canopy) providing a physiological stimulus for greater biomass allocation for production of the physiologically active fine roots is thus probable (Table 3), the relatively lower crown biomass of pruned plants (Table 1) makes it hard to generalise on that.…”

Section: Pruning Effectssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Increased fine root production, improved CO 2 assimilation and tree water status, besides higher stomatal conductance have been reported following shoot pruning in Peltophorum pterocarpa (DC) Backer ex K. Heyne (van Noordwijk and Purnomosidhi 1995) and Prosopis juliflora (Sw) DC (Elfadl and Luukkanen 2003). Vanlauwe et al (2002) observed greater root branching of Senna siamea (Lam.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Root activity of young Acacia mangium Willd trees: influence of stand density and pruning as studied by 32P soil injection technique

et al. 2009

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Initial spacing and pruning are silvicultural strategies that influence the resource acquisition capabilities of trees. A field study was conducted in the humid tropics of peninsular India to test the assumptions that: (1) high stand density of Acacia mangium induces greater root uptake capacity close to the stem and from the subsoil; and (2) crown pruning stimulates greater root uptake capacity at proximal points. Root activity pattern of two-year-old A. mangium was evaluated as a function of three population densities (1,250, 2,500 and 5,000 stems ha -1 ), with, and without 50% crown pruning, using 32 P soil injection. The label was placed at 25, 50 and 75 cm lateral distances and at 30 and 60 cm depth. Low density stands (1,250 stems ha -1 ) generally showed higher 32 P recovery (P \ 0.01), which was exaggerated by pruning. Pruned low density stands had 34% root activity at 25 cm, as against 23% for unpruned. The low density stands also showed higher root activity at 75 cm, signifying greater root spread. We suggest that high stem densities favour restricted spread of absorbing roots and may facilitate competitive downward displacement of roots. Pruning the lateral shoots at low stem densities may simulate this to some extent. The net outcome of interactions, however, will depend on trade-offs between stem density and tree management over time.

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“…H. rhamnoides is a shallow rooted shrub, while C. intermedia is a comparatively deep rooted shrub (Guo et al 2007). Root depth and density are both important for water uptake (Elfadl and Luukkanen 2003;Zamora et al 2007). Competition for water and aboveground resources (Wanvestraut et al 2004;Zamora et al 2006Zamora et al , 2007 significantly reduced the growth of cotton roots in alleycropping system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concern of environmental degradation has increased the awareness of the importance of agroforestry in environmental rehabilitation (Elfadl and Luukkanen 2003). Agroforestry, as part of a multifunctional working landscape, can be a viable land-use option.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of water stress on water use efficiency and water balance components of Hippophae rhamnoides and Caragana intermedia in the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum

Guo

Zhang

et al. 2010

Agroforest Syst

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Hippophae rhamnoides (Sea buckthorn) and Caragana intermedia (Intermediate peashrub), which are nitrogen-fixing and perennial temperate shrubs, are extensively used in the agroforestry systems in the loess areas of China. In this study, artificially controlled water gradient experiments were carried out with both shrubs, based on four levels of water supply (normal precipitation, slight drought, drought, and extreme drought). The results showed significant impacts of drought on net photosynthesis rate, biomass accumulation, and biomass allocation in both species. Water use efficiency (WUE) varied with different species, scales, and water stress intensities. WUE at the leaf scale (WUEi) was highest under moderate water stress, while the WUE at the community scale (WUEb) decreased with increasing water stress. We observed alteration in the diel and seasonal transpiration of both species in response to water stress. The night-time transpiration accounted for a small but significant proportion of the water balance, and its importance tended to increase with increasing drought. Both species experienced water deficits under all treatments. Soil moisture of H. rhamnoides declined more severely than that of C. intermedia. The ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration (T/ET) ranged from 50 to 80% for both species in the growing season. The T/ET and WUEi of H. rhamnoides were comparatively smaller under severe water stress but increased under moist conditions. Our data suggest that H. rhamnoides uses water resources more efficiently under favorable water conditions, and C. intermedia shows competitive advantages under drought conditions. Moreover, possible strategies to maintain water balance in the waterlimited agroforestry systems are discussed.

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Effect of pruning on Prosopis juliflora: considerations for tropical dryland agroforestry

Cited by 30 publications

References 63 publications

Sex-specific responses of Populus deltoides to defoliation

Sex-specific responses of Populus deltoides to defoliation

Root activity of young Acacia mangium Willd trees: influence of stand density and pruning as studied by 32P soil injection technique

Effects of water stress on water use efficiency and water balance components of Hippophae rhamnoides and Caragana intermedia in the soil–plant–atmosphere continuum

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