Effect of Rare Earth Elements on Feed Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation, and Purine Derivatives in Sheep

Xun, Wenjuan; Shi, Liguang; Hou, Guanyu; Zhou, Hanlin; Yue, Wenbin; Zhang, Chunxiang; Ren, Youshe

doi:10.4081/ijas.2014.3205

“…Schwabe et al ( 2011 , 2012) supplemented German Holstein bulls with REE citrate (100–300 mg/kg) finding decreased weight gain, but accumulation in liver, kidneys, and rib bone with increasing REE supplementation. Three studies were conducted on ruminally cannulated steers and found improved rumen fermentation and increased digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (Liu et al 2008 ; Xun et al 2014 ; Lin et al 2015 ).…”

Section: Rees As Feed Additives In Livestockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Rare Earth Elements as Fertilizers and Feed Additives: A Knowledge Gap Analysis

Tommasi

¹

,

Thomas

²

,

Pagano

³

et al. 2020

Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

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Rare earth elements (REEs) are key constituents of modern technology and play important roles in various chemical and industrial applications. They also are increasingly used in agricultural and zootechnical applications, such as fertilizers and feed additives. Early applications of REEs in agriculture have originated in China over the past several decades with the objective of increasing crop productivity and improving livestock yield (e.g., egg production or piglet growth). Outside China, REE agricultural or zootechnical uses are not currently practiced. A number of peer-reviewed manuscripts have evaluated the adverse and the positive effects of some light REEs (lanthanum and cerium salts) or REE mixtures both in plant growth and in livestock yield. This information was never systematically evaluated from the growing body of scientific literature. The present review was designed to evaluate the available evidence for adverse and/or positive effects of REE exposures in plant and animal biota and the cellular/molecular evidence for the REE-associated effects. The overall information points to shifts from toxic to favorable effects in plant systems at lower REE concentrations (possibly suggesting hormesis). The available evidence for REE use as feed additives may suggest positive outcomes at certain doses but requires further investigations before extending this use for zootechnical purposes.

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“…Xun et al [ 41 ] once reported that adding rare earth citrate to diet increased the nutrient digestibility of sheep, and the dietary rare earth citrate also improved the growth performance of broilers [ 42 ]. In this study, the combination of 4 g/kg of citric acid and 1.5 g/kg of AZOMITE significantly increased WG and decreased FCR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Combined Supplementation of AZOMITE and Citric Acid Promoted the Growth, Intestinal Health, Antioxidant, and Resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila for Largemouth Bass, Micropterus salmoides

Zhang,

Huang,

Chang

et al. 2023

Aquaculture Nutrition

1

0

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Citric acid is an organic acid extensively used in feed industry, and AZOMITE is a hydrated aluminosilicate compound rich in rare earth elements and trace mineral elements. This study investigated the supplemental effects of AZOMITE and citric acid individual or in combination on the growth performance, intestinal microbiota, morphology, digestive enzyme activity, serum indexes, and disease resistance of juvenile largemouth bass. Six diets were designed, including the control diet (CON) and the five additive-supplemented diets with the addition of 4 or 8 g/kg citric acid (CA4, CA8), 3 g/kg AZOMITE (A3), and their combined addition as 4 g/kg citric acid + 1.5 g/kg AZOMITE) (C4A1.5) and 8 g/kg citric acid + 3 g/kg AZOMITE (C8A3). Juvenile largemouth bass with initial body weight of 22.01 ± 0.09 g were fed the six diets for 56 days. The results revealed that the combined addition of 4 g/kg citric acid and 1.5 g/kg AZOMITE (C4A1.5) increased weight gain by 7.99% ( P < 0.05 ), and decreased feed conversion ratio by 0.07 ( P < 0.05 ). The protein retention in the C4A1.5 group and the lipid retention in all additive-supplemented groups were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P < 0.05 ). In serum, all additive-supplemented groups showed significantly higher glutathione peroxidase activity than the control group ( P < 0.05 ). The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the CA8, A3, C4A1.5, and C8A3 groups were significantly higher ( P < 0.05 ), while the concentration of malondialdehyde was significantly lower than those in the control group ( P < 0.05 ). Moreover, the total antioxidant capacity in the A3 and C4A1.5 groups, and lysozyme activity in the A3, C4A1.5, and C8A3 groups were significantly increased when compared to the control group ( P < 0.05 ). In digestive enzyme, the protease activity in the A3, C4A1.5 groups, and amylase activity in the CA4, CA8, and C4A1.5 groups were significantly higher than those in the control group ( P < 0.05 ). In intestinal microbiota, Firmicutes abundance was elevated in all additive groups, while the Fusobacteriota and Plesiomonas shigelloides abundance were decreased. In the intestinal histology, the CA8, A3, and C4A1.5 groups showed significantly higher villus height than the control group ( P < 0.05 ). After the infection with Aeromonas hydrophila, the cumulative mortality of all additive-supplemented groups was significantly lower ( P < 0.05 ), and the C4A1.5 group demonstrated the lowest mortality. In conclusion, the combined supplementation of 4 g/kg citric acid + 1.5 g/kg AZOMITE increased the growth, antioxidant, immune capacity, improved the intestinal morphology and microbial flora of juvenile largemouth bass, and promoted the resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila infection.

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“…The mean concentration of these elements is in accordance with the results from literature [33,63]: 0.477 mg/kg (Li); 0.013 mg/kg (Cs); 3.8 mg/kg (Rb); 0.012 mg/kg (Be); 6.242 mg/kg Ba; 1.945 mg/kg Sr; 0.006 mg/kg (TCE's); 0.004 mg/kg (PGE's); 0.513 mg/kg (transition and post-transition metals); 0.023 mg/kg (actinide); and 0.010 mg/kg (REE's). There are studies reporting that the growth performance in animal production is influenced by the use of REEs as new natural feed additives; thus, these elements are good markers for geographical differentiation [105,106].…”

Section: Elemental Determinationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental Profile in Chicken Egg Components and Associated Human Health Risk Assessment

Voica,

Cristea,

Iordache

et al. 2023

Toxics

7

0

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Egg is a food product of high nutritional quality, extensively consumed worldwide. The objectives of this study were the determination of the elemental profile in eggs (egg white, yolk, and eggshell), the estimation of the non-carcinogenic health risk associated with the presence of heavy metals in investigated egg samples, and the development of statistical models to identify the best predictors for the differentiation of egg components. The assessments were carried out in a total set of 210 samples, comprising home-produced and commercial eggs, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The results suggested measurable differences amongst hen eggs coming from different husbandry systems. The statistical models employed in this study identified several elemental markers that can be used for discriminating between market and local producer samples. The non-carcinogenic risk related to the consumption of the analyzed egg samples was generally in the safe range for the consumers, below the maximum permitted levels set by Romanian and European legislation. Food contamination is a public health problem worldwide, and the risk associated with exposure to trace metals from food products has aroused widespread concern in human health, so assessing the heavy metal content in food products is mandatory to evaluate the health risk.

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Effect of Rare Earth Elements on Feed Digestibility, Rumen Fermentation, and Purine Derivatives in Sheep

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Review of Rare Earth Elements as Fertilizers and Feed Additives: A Knowledge Gap Analysis

Review of Rare Earth Elements as Fertilizers and Feed Additives: A Knowledge Gap Analysis

The Combined Supplementation of AZOMITE and Citric Acid Promoted the Growth, Intestinal Health, Antioxidant, and Resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila for Largemouth Bass, Micropterus salmoides

Elemental Profile in Chicken Egg Components and Associated Human Health Risk Assessment

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