Effect of Reductant Type on the Metallothermic Magnesium Production Process

Buğdaycı, Mehmet; Turan, Ahmet; Alkan, Murat; Yücel, Onuralp

doi:10.1515/htmp-2016-0197

Cited by 23 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Pidgeon, Mintek and Magnetherm are known as the most common processes of the thermal silica method. Meanwhile, Pidgeon process plays a crucial role in producing nearly 70 % magnesium of the whole world over a time of recent 20 years that was created by a Canadian chemist [5,6]. This process is easy to apply with low workforce requisition and less expense as well comparing to the electrolysis [7].…”

Section: Chemical Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Manufacturing Magnesium From Thanhhoa Dolomite by Pidgeon Process

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The magnesium and magnesium alloys has applied widely in different industrial aspects in Vietnam in the modern life. Especially, the products from magnesium alloys implementing in the automotive have increased rapidly since the car elements tend to be generated by the light alloys in order to save the fuel. However, in the current time, Vietnam has no factories to produce the magnesium to adapt the domestic demand although it owns an enrich resource of raw materials. This research indicates the possibility of using the dolomite ore in Thanhhoa – Vietnam to make the magnesium as well as evaluate the primary factors like recovering temperature, reducing agent rate, recovering time having effect on the reduction efficiency of Thanhhoa dolomite by metallothermic method in vacuum (Pidgeon Process). This is basic process, low investment and suitable for the small and medium scales in Vietnam. The experiment includes heating, indicating the chemical ingredients and recovering experiment on the dolomite after calcination (dolime) by using ferrosilicon. The thermodynamic model is created to estimate the recovering efficiency in the Pidgeon. The result shows that the CaO/MgO molar ratio of calcination dolomite in Thanhhoa is nearly 1.5 which is suitable to produce magnesium in the case of highly-required efficiency and pureness. Besides, the result from the furnace of the experiment is lower than the one in the model. The samples are set up to check the influence of the rate of ferrosilicon in the compound. The result indicates that the ideal efficiency reaches 85 % with 30 % ferrosilicon. Moreover, the study confirms that the optimal operating conditions in this process are recovering during three hours at 1200 °C and 100 Pa pressure. This result proves the potential application of Thanhhoa dolomite in the industry suitable with the current condition in Vietnam

show abstract

Section: Chemical Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on the Manufacturing Magnesium From Thanhhoa Dolomite by Pidgeon Process

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A new Turkish plant started with a production capacity of 15,000 tons/year using the silicothermic process. Since 2002, Yücel et al, using Turkish minerals, have investigated the parameters for the silicothermic reduction of calcined dolomite [13]. In 2017, Turkey produced 5000 tons of magnesium.…”

Section: Mineralmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction Conditions of Metallic Calcium from Magnesium Production Residues

Tasyürek

Buğdaycı

Yücel

2018

Metals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:In this paper, the theoretical and industrial definitions of metallic calcium production by the metallothermic process in a vacuum atmosphere were investigated. In the experiments, Al is the only reductant used for metallothermic calcium production. The effects of Al stoichiometry, time variances, and temperature changes were investigated. The experiments were carried out at 1200 • C, 1250 • C, and 1300 • C, and with 100% Al, 125% Al, and 150% Al stoichiometry to produce metallic calcium from the residue of metallic magnesium production. Both the raw materials and the residue phases were characterized by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrometry, and chemical analysis techniques. Experimental results were investigated to determine the highest efficiency of reduction conditions. From the results of the experiments, reaction kinetics and activation energy were calculated. According to the experimental results, the highest recovery rate parameters for the reduction of calcium are 150% stoichiometric Al for 480 min at 1300 • C, with 72% recovery.

show abstract

“…The literature contains many examples of self-dual Leonard pairs. For instance (i) th ated with an irreducible module for the Terwilliger algebra of the hypercube (see [4, Cor Leonard pair of Krawtchouk type (see [10, De nition 6.1]); (iii) the Leonard pair associa module for the Terwilliger algebra of a distance-regular graph that has a spin model in bra (see [1,Theorem], [3,Theorems 4.1, 5.5]); (iv) an appropriately normalized totally (see [11,Lemma 14.8]); (v) the Leonard pair consisting of any two of a modular Leonar De nition 1.4]); (vi) the Leonard pair consisting of a pair of opposite generators for t bra, acting on an evaluation module (see [5,Proposition 9.2]). The example (i) is a spec examples (iii), (iv) are special cases of (v).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, the silicothermic is the main method for the extraction of magnesium from the calcined dolomite, and the reduction process mainly uses FeSi as the reducing agent to reduce MgO under vacuum conditions at 1200°C [1]. Although the cost of ferrosilicon as reductant is lower, the reduction temperature is higher while the reaction speed is slow [2][3][4] , leading to high energy consumption as well as serious environment problems in reduction process [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase transformation involved in the reduction process of magnesium oxide in calcined dolomite by ferrosilicon with additive of aluminum

Wang

2020

Green Processing and Synthesis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AbstractMetal magnesium is mainly produced from the calcined dolomite by the silicothermic production. However, in this process, the reduction temperature is higher while the reaction speed is slow, which results in higher energy consumption and serious environmental problems. In this paper, adding aluminum into the ferrosilicon reducing agent is expected to lower the reaction temperature so as to solve the problems above. The phase transition involved in the whole reduction process including with and without aluminum addition were investigated in details by theoretical calculation and experimental research. The influence of aluminum on the magnesium oxide reduction path was analysis to clarify the internal mechanism. The results show that aluminum added into the ferrosilicon would first react with magnesium oxide to form magnesium vapor and alumina under vacuum pressure of 10 Pa when the temperature rises to 720°C. Then, calcium aluminate would be formed by the reaction of aluminum oxide and calcium oxide. Once the temperature reaches 1150°C, silicon begins to reduce the magnesium oxide to create the silicon oxide that will finally react with calcium oxide to form calcium silicate. When the temperature rises above 1150°C, both the aluminum and silicon will participate in the reduction of magnesium oxide. In the process of heating up, the mixture of aluminum, ferrosilicon and calcined dolomite forms Mg2Al4Si5O18 and Ca3Al2(OH)12 phase with the components in calcined dolomite. Mg2Al4Si5O18 and Ca3Al2(OH)12 phase finally form Ca12Al14O33 phase. The interaction between aluminum and ferrosilicon in the mixture is less; the mixture of aluminum and ferrosilicon first forms Al3FeSi2 phase, and finally has the trend of forming Al4.5FeSi phase. There is a great difference between the phase transformation of aluminum in the mixture of aluminum, ferrosilicon and calcined dolomite and that of aluminum in the mixture of aluminum and ferrosilicon.

show abstract

Effect of Reductant Type on the Metallothermic Magnesium Production Process

Cited by 23 publications

References 3 publications

Research on the Manufacturing Magnesium From Thanhhoa Dolomite by Pidgeon Process

Research on the Manufacturing Magnesium From Thanhhoa Dolomite by Pidgeon Process

Reduction Conditions of Metallic Calcium from Magnesium Production Residues

Phase transformation involved in the reduction process of magnesium oxide in calcined dolomite by ferrosilicon with additive of aluminum

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About