Effect of Ruminal Microbial Colonization on Cereal Grain Digestion

McAllister, Tim A.; Rode, L. M.; Major, D. J.; Cheng, K.-J.; Buchanan-Smith, J. G.

doi:10.4141/cjas90-069

Cited by 114 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In contrast to our results, others have reoorted a decrease in fiber digestibility when SM in corn-based diets was treated with LSO3, and attributed this to a deficiency of ammonia-N for microbial protein synthesis (Windschitl and Stern 1988;Stern 1984). This apparent inconsistency may be due to our use of barley, which is more rapidly and efficiently colonized by rumen microbes ihun i, .o.n (McAllister et al 1990b) resulting in a more rapid digestion of barley protein and higher production of ammonia with barley-based than corn-based diets.…”

contrasting

confidence: 55%

Comparison of lignosulfonate-treated canola meal and soybean meal as rumen undegradable protein supplements for lambs

Stanford¹,

McAllister²,

Xu³

et al. 1995

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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contrasting

confidence: 55%

Comparison of lignosulfonate-treated canola meal and soybean meal as rumen undegradable protein supplements for lambs

Stanford¹,

McAllister²,

Xu³

et al. 1995

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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“…Microorganisms attach rapidly to dietary substrates in the rumen (Bonhomme, 1990;McAllister et al, 1990; Edwards et al, 2007). Association of microbes with feed particles occurs either randomly or through response to chemoattractants such as soluble carbohydrates (McAllister et al, 1994; Dehority and Orpin, 1997).…”

Section: Structural Organisation Of Rumen Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has also been considered that biofilms offer protection from predation (Costerton et al, 1987), although data now suggests that many protozoa have mechanisms of efficiently predating these attached communities (Lawrence and Snyder, 1998;Pederson, 1990; Huws et al, 2005). Therefore, due to the structural stability of biofilm communities, it is important to consider this phenotype in the context of the rumen microbial ecosystem, particularly when developing novel strategies to manipulate rumen microbiota.Microorganisms attach rapidly to dietary substrates in the rumen (Bonhomme, 1990;McAllister et al, 1990; Edwards et al, 2007). Association of microbes with feed particles occurs either randomly or through response to chemoattractants such as soluble carbohydrates (McAllister et al, 1994; Dehority and Orpin, 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in microbial ecosystem concepts and their consequences for ruminant agriculture

Edwards

Huws

Kim

et al. 2008

Animal

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Microbial transformations in the rumen ecosystem have a major impact on our ability to meet the challenge of reducing the environmental footprint of ruminant livestock agriculture, as well as enhancing product quality. Current understanding of the rumen microbial ecosystem is limited, and affects our ability to manipulate rumen output. The view of ruminal fermentation as the sum of activities of the dominant rumen microbiota is no longer adequate, with a more holistic approach required. This paper reviews rumen functionality in the context of the microbiota of the rumen ecosystem, addressing ruminal fermentation as the product of an ecosystem while highlighting the consequences of this for ruminant agriculture. Microbial diversity in the rumen ecosystem enhances the resistance of the network of metabolic pathways present, as well as increasing the potential number of new pathways available. The resulting stability of rumen function is further promoted by the existence of rumen microbiota within biofilms. These protected, structured communities offer potential advantages, but very little is currently known about how ruminal microorganisms interact on feed-surfaces and how these communities develop. The temporal and spatial development of biofilms is strongly linked to the availability of dietary nutrients, the dynamics of which must also be given consideration, particularly in fresh-forage-based production systems. Nutrient dynamics, however, impact not only on pathway inputs but also the turnover and output of the whole ecosystem. Knowledge of the optimal balance of metabolic processes and the corresponding microbial taxa required to provide a stable, balanced ecosystem will enable a more holistic understanding of the rumen. Future studies should aim to identify key ecosystem processes and components within the rumen, including microbial taxa, metabolites and plant-based traits amenable to breeding-based modification. As well as gaining valuable insights into the biology of the rumen ecosystem, this will deliver realistic and appropriate novel targets for beneficial manipulation of rumen function. Keywords: ecosystem, metabolism, microbiota, nutrient, rumen IntroductionThe purpose of the rumen is to convert dietary material into microbial biomass and end products that can be utilised by the animal. Rumen microorganisms anaerobically ferment complex lignocellulosic plant material, which otherwise would be unable to be utilised by ruminants. Fermentation of dietary material generates microbial biomass and valuable microbial end products, the outflow/diffusion of which provides the ruminant with usable forms of protein and energy. The efficiency and sustainability of ruminant production relies on driving the ecosystem carrying out this conversion to follow an optimal network of metabolic processes. Microbial protein from the rumen accounts for more than half of the total protein entering the intestines (Broudiscou and Jouany, 1995), with three main taxonomic groups accounting for the majority of this microbial ...

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“…When compared to other cereal grains, barley is among the most rapidly fermented in the rumen (McAllister et al 1990a). As a result, liver abscesses and digestive disturbances are comnlon in ruminants fed high-barley diets (Chihaya et al 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of formaldehyde-treated barley or escape protein on nutrient digestibility, growth and carcass traits of feedlot lambs

McAllister¹,

Beauchemin²,

McClelland³

et al. 1992

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Effect of Ruminal Microbial Colonization on Cereal Grain Digestion

Cited by 114 publications

References 3 publications

Comparison of lignosulfonate-treated canola meal and soybean meal as rumen undegradable protein supplements for lambs

Comparison of lignosulfonate-treated canola meal and soybean meal as rumen undegradable protein supplements for lambs

Advances in microbial ecosystem concepts and their consequences for ruminant agriculture

Effect of formaldehyde-treated barley or escape protein on nutrient digestibility, growth and carcass traits of feedlot lambs

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