Variation in the yield and composition of oil of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seed collected from two different sites (saline and non-saline) of Pakistan was examined. Hexane-extracted oil content of cottonseed from saline and non-saline areas was found to be 17.7 and 18.6%, respectively. No significant (P [ 0.05) differences in the refractive index (40°C), color, specific gravity (24°C), iodine, free fatty acid, peroxide, unsaponifiable matter, saponification, conjugated diene and triene and p-anisidine values of the oils of cotton plants from saline and non-saline habitats were observed. Fatty acid compositional analysis showed the concentration of stearic (C 18:0 ) and oleic (C 18:1 ) acids to be significantly (P 0.05) higher, whereas that of linoleic (C 18:2 ) acid was lower in cottonseed oils from the saline area than those from the non-saline habitat. Tocopherol contents of cottonseed oils were significantly (P 0.05) higher from the saline area than those from the non-saline area. The results of the present study showed that soil salinity did not affect the oil yield of cottonseed, however, it significantly (P 0.05) affected the tocopherol and fatty acid profiles of the oils examined.