Effect of seed soaking duration on germination and other physiological parameters of Castor (Ricinus communis L.)

Abstract

Castor (Ricinus communis L.) is a commercially valued bioenergy crop highly suitable for marginal lands. Slow and uneven germination are the common phenomenon of castor seeds when sown under stressful environmental conditions. Castor seeds that have been soaked in water can germinate quickly and uniformly. When seeds are soaked in water, the duration of time they are soaked has a significant impact on their performance.In the present investigation, castor seeds were soaked for different durations viz.,