Effect of sensor location on continuous intraperitoneal glucose sensing in an animal model

Åm, Marte Kierulf; Kölle, Konstanze; Fougner, Anders Lyngvi; Dirnena-Fusini, Ilze; Bösch, Patrick Christian; Ellingsen, Reinold; Hjelme, Dag Roar; Stavdahl, Øyvind; Carlsen, Sven Magnus; Christiansen, Sverre Christian

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0205447

Cited by 14 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Experiments under anaesthesia will inevitably affect the pig’s physiology and influence the data. Prolonged IV infusion of fluids can lead to increased production of IP fluid in pigs 37 , 38 . The IP space can potentially hold several litres, while under normal conditions it contains only small amounts of IP fluid 39 – 42 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fluid balance was achieved by continuous IV infusion of Ringer's acetate, approximately 1,000 ml during the length of the experiment, with individual adjustments. The described anaesthesia protocol have been used in previous pig experiments 37 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most samples were analysed immediately, but some samples were stored on ice for a maximum of 20 min before analysis. We have previously published that such samples can be stored on ice for up to six hours without significant effect on measured glucose values 37 .…”

Section: Suppression Of Endogenous Glucagon Secretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraperitoneal and subcutaneous glucagon delivery in anaesthetized pigs: effects on circulating glucagon and glucose levels

Åm

Dirnena-Fusini

Fougner

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Glucagon is a pancreatic hormone and increases the blood glucose levels. it may be incorporated in a dual hormone artificial pancreas, a device to automatically and continuously control blood glucose levels of individuals with diabetes. Artificial pancreas systems have been developed for use in the subcutaneous tissue; however, the systems are not fully automated due to slow dynamics. The intraperitoneal space is therefore investigated as an alternative location for an artificial pancreas. Glucose dynamics after subcutaneous and intraperitoneal glucagon delivery in ten anaesthetized pigs were investigated. The pigs received intraperitoneal boluses of 0.3 µg/kg and 0.6 µg/kg and a subcutaneous bolus of 0.6 µg/kg in randomized order. They also received an intraperitoneal bolus of 1 mg given at the end of the experiments to test the remaining capacity of rapid glucose release. Six pigs were included in the statistical analysis. The intraperitoneal glucagon bolus of 0.6 µg/kg gave a significantly higher glucose response from 14 to 30 min compared with the subcutaneous bolus. the results indicate that glucagon induces a larger glucose response after intraperitoneal delivery compared with subcutaneous delivery and is encouraging for the incorporation of glucagon in an intraperitoneal artificial pancreas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraperitoneal and subcutaneous glucagon delivery in anaesthetized pigs: effects on circulating glucagon and glucose levels

Åm

Dirnena-Fusini

Fougner

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Porcine samples of intraperitoneal fluid was collected from two pigs during unpublished pilot experiments (date: 6 June 2019 and 11 June 2019, kept frozen) performed similarly to other work from our group [36,37]. The intraperitoneal fluid samples were spiked with glucose and lactate in powder form to avoid diluting the fluid.…”

Section: Verification Using Biological Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the effect of clinically relevant interferents on glucose monitoring using near‐infrared spectroscopy

Fuglerud

Ellingsen

Aksnes

et al. 2021

Journal of Biophotonics

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Near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) is a promising technique for continuous blood glucose monitoring for diabetic patients. Four interferents, at physiological concentrations, were introduced to study how the glucose predictions varied with a standard multivariate calibration model. Lactate and ethanol were found to interfere strongly with the glucose predictions unless they were included in the calibration models. Lactate was mistaken for glucose and gave erroneously high glucose predictions, with a dose response of 0.46 mM/mM. The presence of ethanol resulted in too low glucose predictions, with a dose response of −0.43 mM/ mM. Acetaminophen, a known interferent in the glucose monitoring devices used for diabetes management today, was not found to be an interferent in NIR spectroscopy, nor was caffeine. Thus, interferents that may appear in high concentrations, such as ethanol and lactate, must be included in the calibration or model building of future NIR-based glucose measurement devices for diabetes monitoring.

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“…Peritoneal fluid, which lubricates the organ surfaces in the peritoneal space, contains glucose in similar concentrations to the BGL. Promising short-term studies with intraperitoneal (IP) glucose sensing using electrochemical sensors have been reported [22], and some preliminary data from recent long-term studies have been demonstrated [23]. These studies have shown faster glucose sensing dynamics in the peritoneal space compared to SC sites, indicating that the intraperitoneal space may be a better site for a fully automated AP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared measurements of glucose in peritoneal fluid with a tuneable quantum cascade laser

Jernelv

Hjelme

Aksnes

2020

Biomed. Opt. Express

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Fast and accurate continuous glucose monitoring is needed in future systems for control of blood glucose levels in type 1 diabetes patients. Direct spectroscopic measurement of glucose in the peritoneal cavity is an attractive alternative to conventional electrochemical sensors placed subcutaneously. We demonstrate the feasibility of fast glucose measurements in peritoneal fluid using a fibre-coupled tuneable mid-infrared quantum cascade laser. Mid-infrared spectra (1200-925 cm −1) of peritoneal fluid samples from pigs with physiological glucose levels (32-426 mg/dL, or 1.8-23.7 mmol/L) were acquired with a tuneable quantum cascade laser employing both transmission and attenuated total reflection (ATR) spectroscopy. Using partial least-squares regression, glucose concentrations were predicted with mean absolute percentage errors (MAPEs) of 8.7% and 12.2% in the transmission and ATR configurations, respectively. These results show that highly accurate concentration predictions are possible with mid-infrared spectroscopy of peritoneal fluid, and represent a first step towards a miniaturised optical sensor for intraperitoneal continuous glucose monitoring.

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Effect of sensor location on continuous intraperitoneal glucose sensing in an animal model

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

Intraperitoneal and subcutaneous glucagon delivery in anaesthetized pigs: effects on circulating glucagon and glucose levels

Intraperitoneal and subcutaneous glucagon delivery in anaesthetized pigs: effects on circulating glucagon and glucose levels

Investigation of the effect of clinically relevant interferents on glucose monitoring using near‐infrared spectroscopy

Infrared measurements of glucose in peritoneal fluid with a tuneable quantum cascade laser

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