Effect of serial extraction alone on crowding: Spontaneous changes in dentition after serial extraction

Mandibular changes secondary to serial extractions compared with late premolar extractions and controls

“…The canines were uprighted from their postextraction tipped positions, and the mandibular first molars tipped distally by 0.33 per year from the time of the first premolar extraction to the end of an undefined observation period. 24 This outcome was expected, since the incisors and canines in the LPE group showed more acute angulations, indicating greater mesial tipping of the incisors and canines at T1, most likely because of untreated crowding. At T2, there was no significant difference in the molar angulations between the SE and LPE groups.…”

“…First, it can be easily and precisely located and is therefore reproducible; second, it served as a means of comparison for Yoshihara et al, 24 who used the palatal plane in their SE subjects. There were no significant differences in incisor and canine angulations between the SE and control groups at T0; however, there was a statistically significant difference in molar angulation at T0.…”

“…24,25 With this major SE sample limitation, it is fair to assume that the incisors would have drifted lingually once the deciduous canines were extracted.…”

“…The images were imported into Rhinoceros software (Robert McNeel & Associates, Seattle, Wash) for landmark definition and analysis similar to that reported by Yoshihara et al 24 The palatal plane served as a reference plane for tooth tip and inclination measurement at T0, T1, and T2. 24 The following angles were calculated to determine tooth tip (Fig 1): (1) palatal plane to the long axis of the mandibular incisor, (2) palatal plane to the long axis of the mandibular canine, and (3) palatal plane to the axis formed by the line connecting the mesiobuccal cusp and mesial root apex of the first molar.…”

Management of Crowded Class 1 Malocclusion with Serial Extractions: Report of a Case

“…Further, Yoshihara et al 4 noticed that spontaneous changes in a dentition after serial extraction might be useful for therapeutic purposes in the correction or reduction of crowding in most Class I cases. However, they recommended close follow-up after serial extraction.…”