Effect of silver content on the antibacterial and bioactive properties of silver‐substituted hydroxyapatite

Abstract

The long-term success of a biomaterial used during surgery may be compromised by infection. A possible effective solution is to make the biomaterial osteoconductive and antibacterial. A range of silver-substituted hydroxyapatite (AgHA) of up to 1.1 wt. % of Ag was synthesized. AgHA displayed a rod-like morphology of dimensions ~50 nm in length and ~15 nm in width. Phase-pure AgHA was demonstrated in the X-ray diffraction patterns and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra. Comparing with hydroxyaptite (HA), 0.5AgHA exhibited a 3-log reduction in the number of bacteria. Diffusion of the entrapped Ag(+) ions towards the crystal structure surface was revealed by an increase of 6 at. % Ag in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results. Furthermore, less than 0.5 ppm of Ag(+) ions being released from 0.5AgHA into the deionized water medium was evidenced from the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry results. AgHA produced by co-precipitation gave rise to minimal release of Ag(+) ions. It was hypothesized that the diffused surface Ag(+) ions damaged the bacteria cell membrane and impede its replication. With the culturing time, significant increase in the number of human mesenchymal stem cells (p < 0.05) was demonstrated on 0.5AgHA.

Synthesis and characterization of strontium-doped hydroxyapatite for biomedical applications

“…, monovalent and trivalent cations could also take the place of X, PO 4 3-and CO 3 2-is possible substitutions for Y. Monovalent anions such as OH -, F -could take place Z. Due to excellent bioactivity, biocompatibility, insolubility and similarity to the natural bone, hydroxyapatite (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ,HA) is used in biomedical application as a coating for fixation, filling material for bone defect [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Review of Antibacterial Activity of Titanium-Based Implants’ Surfaces Fabricated by Micro-Arc Oxidation

“…This devastating complication may result in chronic suffering and extremely huge medical expenses [11,12]. Therefore, it is highly desirable to introduce antimicrobial agents into implant surfaces to provide antibacterial activities and prevent peri-implant infections [13][14][15][16][17]. In comparison with organic antibiotics, inorganic antibacterial metal elements (e.g., silver (Ag) [18][19][20][21][22], copper (Cu) [23][24][25][26] and zinc (Zn) [27][28][29]) have attracted great attention due to their perfect stabilities, superior broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, relatively low toxicity to human cells and low risk of producing resistant strains [30,31].…”

A Study of Hybrid Composite Hydroxyapatite (HA)-Geopolymers as a Material for Biomedical Application

“…The results indicate that the magnitude of samples capacitance is directly proportional to the weight of HA and hence the thickness of the samples. This results prove that the hybrid composite HA-geopolymer exhibit a bioactive properties [17,18]. The results also suggest that use of geopolymers to bind HA do not reduce the bioactive properties of HA and therefore can be applied as biosensor [19,20].…”