Effect of sintering on the translucency of CAD–CAM lithium disilicate restorations: A comparative in vitro study

Abstract

PurposeThe available independent data on the translucency of novel pre and fully sintered chairside computer‐aided design and computer‐aided manufacturing (CAD–CAM) lithium disilicate are limited. This comparative in vitro study evaluated the translucency degree of pre and fully sintered chairside CAD–CAM lithium disilicate crowns after optional, required, and additional firing processes.Materials and methodsOne hundred and five maxillary left central incisor crowns manufactured by three different CAD–CAM lithium disilicate brands shade A1 were assigned into seven groups as follows (n = 15): (1) Straumann n!ce without sintering; (2) Straumann n!ce with one additional sintering process; (3) Straumann n!ce with two additional sintering processes; (4) Amber Mill with one sintering process; (5) Amber Mill with two sintering processes; (6) IPS e.max CAD with one sintering process; and (7) IPS e.max CAD with two sintering processes. The translucency of all crowns was evaluated with a color imaging spectrophotometer. All statistical analyses were performed using statistical software. A standard level of significance was set at α < 0.05.ResultsAll the milled crowns presented different degrees of translucency, and additional sintering processes altered it. IPS e.max CAD with two (4.33 ± 0.26) and one (4.01 ± 0.15) sintering processes displayed the highest translucency, whereas Straumann n!ce with no sintering process provided the lowest value (2.82 ± 0.16).ConclusionsThe translucency of chairside lithium disilicate single‐unit full‐coverage restorations manufactured with subtractive technology was significantly influenced by the brand and the number of sintering processes. The traditional presintered IPS e.max CAD and the fully crystallized glass–ceramic Straumann n!ce considerably increased the translucency after one additional firing process, whereas Amber Mill decreased its translucency.

Translucency of Lithium-Based Silicate Glass–Ceramics Blocks for CAD/CAM Procedures: A Narrative Review

“…Among the materials examined, Amber Mill has a noticeable peculiarity, which is that the translucency can be controlled by firing temperature [74,75]. According to Lubauer et al [16], Amber Mill has a submicrometric lithium disilicate phase, a lithium silicate phase, and a 6% quartz phase in the nanometric range.…”

Soft Tissue Grafting Procedures before Restorations in the Esthetic Zone: A Minimally Invasive Interdisciplinary Case Report

“…Ceramic dental laminate veneers are a well-documented and predictable treatmen for modifying the shade of whitening-resistant teeth, improving the shape of teeth wit acquired malformations and loss of facial enamel, correcting minor rotations, and closin moderate diastemas [15][16][17][18]. Contemporary dental ceramic systems have improved me chanical and optical properties [19][20][21]. When ceramic restorations are conditioned an combined with resin-based cement, a strong and long-lasting chemical, the micromechan ical bond can be created between the ceramic and the underlying tooth substrate [22,23 Despite significant advances in adhesive dentistry, the success of treatment with denta veneers depends on several factors, including thorough planning, adequate preparatio and conditioning of the tooth structure, satisfactory design and conditioning of the resto rations, and preparation of the receptor dental and gingival tissues to ensure the harmo nious integration of the restorations with the rest of the mouth [24,25].…”

“…Ceramic dental laminate veneers are a well-documented and predictable treatment for modifying the shade of whitening-resistant teeth, improving the shape of teeth with acquired malformations and loss of facial enamel, correcting minor rotations, and closing moderate diastemas [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Contemporary dental ceramic systems have improved mechanical and optical properties [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. When ceramic restorations are conditioned and combined with resin-based cement, a strong and long-lasting chemical, the micromechanical bond can be created between the ceramic and the underlying tooth substrate [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Interdisciplinary Approaches for Integrating Materials Science and Dentistry

“…Meanwhile, laboratory-based dental materials include dental waxes, dental ceramic materials, denture-based polymer materials, metal and alloys, and dental gypsum products. Moreover, cutting-edge technology and newly developed biomaterials fabricated with subtractive and additive technology were incorporated into the syllabus [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”