Effect of stabilisation on mechanical properties, moisture buffering and water durability of hypercompacted earth

Bruno, Agostino Walter; Gallipoli, Domenico; Perlot, Céline; Mendes, João

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.05.182

Cited by 54 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…To define the exact additive formulation, a number of preliminary immersion tests were performed on samples stabilised with silane-siloxane emulsions of different concentrations and sodium hydroxide solutions of different molarities [51]. The immersion tests were performed according to the German norm DIN 18945 [52] by dipping samples of the stabilised earth for ten minutes in water and by measuring the corresponding mass loss.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The immersion tests were performed according to the German norm DIN 18945 [52] by dipping samples of the stabilised earth for ten minutes in water and by measuring the corresponding mass loss. Based on the observed results, the following three stabilising additives were selected for further testing due to their good performance [51]: The viscosity of the NaOH solution is similar to that of pure water, which means that the rheology of the NaOH stabilised earth is the same as that of the unstabilised earth. This generates an identical dry density of 2275 kg/m 3 for these two types of samples after compaction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ultimate material strength was estimated as the average of the peak load measured during two preliminary compression tests. The Young modulus was then calculated as the average slope of the best fit lines of the five unloading stress-strain curves [51]. This procedure is based on the assumption that material behaviour is markedly elasto-plastic during loading but approximately elastic during unloading.…”

Section: Stiffness and Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A microstructural insight into the hygro-mechanical behaviour of a stabilised hypercompacted earth

et al. 2018

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stiffness and Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A microstructural insight into the hygro-mechanical behaviour of a stabilised hypercompacted earth

et al. 2018

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“…The compaction and/or incorporation of granulates or fibers can affect the mechanical and/or thermal performances due to their physico-mechanical effects in the earthen matrix. However, this approach does not necessarily guarantee the earthen material to resist in contact with liquid water [ 8 ], mainly for the earth which has low inner cohesion. However, it opens up the opportunity of the addition of by-product binders from agriculture, industrial, or municipal wastes in the earthen construction material, in general, and compressed earth blocks (CEBs), in particular.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-Mechanical and Hygro-Thermal Properties of Compressed Earth Blocks Stabilized with Industrial and Agro By-Product Binders

Nshimiyimana

Courard

2020

Materials

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This study investigated the engineering properties of compressed earth blocks (CEBs) stabilized with by-product binders: calcium carbide residue (CCR) and rice husk ash (RHA). The dry mixtures were prepared using the earthen material and 0–25 wt% CCR, firstly, and 20 wt% CCR partially substituted by the RHA (CCR:RHA in 20:0–12:8 ratios), secondly. The appropriate amount of water was thoroughly mixed with the dry mixtures. The moistened mixtures were manually compressed into CEBs, cured, dried, and tested. The stabilization of CEBs with CCR increased the dry compressive strength (CS) from 1.1 MPa with 0% CCR to 4.3 MPa with 10% CCR and above; decreased the bulk density (ρb:1800–1475 kg/m3) and increased the total porosity (TP:35–45%). This resulted in the improvement of the coefficient of structural efficiency (CSE: 610–3050 Pa∙m3/kg). It also improved the thermal efficiency given the decrease of the thermal conductivity (λ: 1.02–0.69 W/m∙K), thermal diffusivity (a: 6.3 × 10−7 to 4.7 × 10−7 m²/s) and thermal penetration depth (δp: 0.13–0.11 m). The RHA further improved the CS up to 7 MPa, reaching the optimum with 16:4 CCR:RHA (ρb: 1575 kg/m3 and TP: 40%). The latter reached higher CSE (4460 Pa∙m3/kg) than cement stabilized CEBs (3540 Pa∙m3/kg). It reached lower λ (0.64 w/m∙K), a (4.1 × 10−7 m²/s) and δp (0.11 m) than cement CEBs (1.01 w/m∙K, 6.8 × 10−7 m²/s, and 0.14 m). Additionally, the stabilization of CEBs with by-products improved the moisture sorption capacity. The improvement of the structural and thermal efficiency of CEBs by the stabilization with by-product binders is beneficial for load-bearing capacity and thermal performances in multi-storey buildings.

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“…Therefore, the largest share of research has been devoted to the effect of water or humidity, e.g. [92][93][94][95] while fewer studies have considered the effects of ice [96][97][98], fire [99], wind [100][101][102], solar radiation [103,104], and chemical agents [105].…”

Section: Main Environmental Agents Affecting Durabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the performance of earth building materials: a review of recent developments

2018

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After being almost abandoned at the end of the Second World War, the use of raw earth is currently regaining the interest of architects, engineers and policy makers for the construction of dwellings in industrialised countries. This renaissance is driven by growing ecological awareness and the promotion of construction techniques that minimize energy consumption and carbon emissions. Raw earth displays very interesting thermo-hygro-mechanical properties, which can contribute to the reduction of the environmental impact of buildings not only during construction but also during service life. Nevertheless, one of the reasons that still prevents dissemination of raw earth into construction practice is the lack of commonly agreed procedures for assessing material performance. The RILEM technical committee TCE 274 has been established as a first step for overcoming this obstacle. The objective of the technical committee is to critically examine current testing procedures in order to propose suitable experimental standards. The results of this work will be presented in future publications while the present paper summarizes the main challenges faced by the committee and briefly describes some of the existing procedures for measuring the engineering properties of earth materials.

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Effect of stabilisation on mechanical properties, moisture buffering and water durability of hypercompacted earth

Cited by 54 publications

References 31 publications

A microstructural insight into the hygro-mechanical behaviour of a stabilised hypercompacted earth

A microstructural insight into the hygro-mechanical behaviour of a stabilised hypercompacted earth

Physico-Mechanical and Hygro-Thermal Properties of Compressed Earth Blocks Stabilized with Industrial and Agro By-Product Binders

Assessing the performance of earth building materials: a review of recent developments

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