Effect of temperature and the content of Na2CO3 as a catalyst on the characteristics of bio-oil obtained from the pyrolysis of microalgae

Tirapanampai, Charndanai; Phetwarotai, Worasak; Phusunti, Neeranuch

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2019.104644

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…11, 12 More recent research has followed in a similar vein, with experiments under N 2 , 13−15 He, 16 air, 17 and ethanol. 18 Pyrolysis of microalgae can be carried out by adding catalysts such as Na 2 CO 3 , 19 nickel-ceria based catalysts (Ni− Ce/Al 2 O 3 and Ni−Ce/ZrO 2 ), 20 H-ZSM5, 21 and metal loaded zeolite (e.g., Ni, Pd). 22 Furthermore, the catalytic pyrolysis of Botryococcus braunii over layered and delaminated zeolite catalysts has been studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Pyrolysis of the Green Microalgae Botryococcus braunii over Ni/SBA-15 Prepared by the Ultrasonic-Assisted Sol-Gel Method

et al. 2023

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The pyrolysis of the green microalgae Botryococcus braunii in the absence and the presence of Ni/SBA-15 prepared by the ultrasonic-assisted sol–gel was investigated using pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (Py-GC/MS). Pyrolysis experiments were performed at 350, 450, and 550 °C under helium (He) flow. In the absence of a catalyst, the chemical composition of pyrolysis products at different temperatures, based on the relative peak area, comprised protein/amino acid derivative products of 9–15%, carbohydrate derivative products of 5–10%, lipid derivative products of 13–26%, and chlorophyll derivative products of 24–26%. For catalytic pyrolysis, the chemical composition of pyrolysis products comprised protein/amino acid derivative products of 5–15%, carbohydrate derivative products of 18–19.5%, lipid derivative products of 14–27%, and chlorophyll derivative products of 15–20%. The addition of 10% Ni/SBA-15 enhanced the production of aromatic compounds, such as furans, furfurals, alkyl aromatics, and nitrogen aromatic compounds. These were the thermal degradation products of carbohydrates and proteins. However, the amount of fatty acids and phytol fragments in the pyrolysis of Botryococcus braunii decreased in the presence of catalyst. Thermogravimetric analyses showed that the temperature range for the pyrolysis of Botryococcus braunii was 135–547 °C, while that of the catalyzed pyrolysis was 135–532 °C. There was a decrease in pyrolysis yield after incorporating Ni/SBA-15, which may be due to coke formation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Pyrolysis of the Green Microalgae Botryococcus braunii over Ni/SBA-15 Prepared by the Ultrasonic-Assisted Sol-Gel Method

et al. 2023

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“…One of the most effective methods is using the additives in the MAP process 8 , 20 , 21 . Carbon-based additives are most effective in microwave pyrolysis, thus activated carbon (AC) from the process itself may be considered as an effective additive to improve the heating process and quality of the products 8 – 25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process optimization and technoeconomic environmental assessment of biofuel produced by solar powered microwave pyrolysis

Fodah

Abdelwahab

2022

Sci Rep

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Microwave pyrolysis of corn stover has been optimized by Response surface methodology under different microwave power (500, 700, and 900 W) and three ratios of activated carbon additive (10, 15, and 20%) for obtaining maximum bio-oil yield followed by biochar. The optimal result has been evaluated and the environmental and techno-economic impacts of using solar-powered microwave heating have been tested. The optimal pyrolysis condition found to be 700 W microwave power and 10% of activated carbon. The yields of both bio-oil and biochar were about 74 wt% under optimal condition. The higher heat values of 26 MJ/kg and 16 MJ/kg were respectively achieved for biochar and bio-oil. The major components of bio-oil were hydrocarbons (36%) and phenols (28%) with low oxygen-containing compounds (2%) and acids (2%). Using the solar-powered system, 20,549 tonnes of CO2 can be mitigated over the lifetime of the set-up, resulting in USD 51,373 in carbon credit earnings, compared to 16,875 tonnes of CO2 mitigation and USD 42,167 in carbon credit earnings from a grid electricity system. The payback periods for solar-powered and grid-connected electrical systems are estimated to be 1.6 and 0.5 years, respectively, based on biochar and bio-oil income of USD 39,700 and USD 45,400.

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“…As shown in references [15,19], the biomass washing with a dilute acid could remove over 90% of ash content; therefore, acid washing should have a significantly positive influence on biomass quality. The catalytic processing of pyrolysis vapors is the second way used to improve the quality of the bio-oil [20][21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cr/13X Zeolite and Zn/13X Zeolite Nanocatalysts Used in Pyrolysis of Pretreated Residual Biomass to Produce Bio-Oil with Improved Quality

David

Armeanu

2022

Nanomaterials

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By loading Cr and Zn on 13X zeolite, efficient nanocatalysts were prepared; they were characterized by different techniques and used for corn cobs pyrolysis to produce bio-oil. The corn cobs biomass (CCB) was washed with sulfuric acid 0.1 M, and the characteristics of the pretreated biomass (PTCCB) were analyzed. Pyrolysis was performed at different catalyst-to-biomass ratios (C/B), and the composition of the obtained bio-oil was determined. The results showed that the crystallinity of the nanocatalysts was slightly lower than that of the pattern 13X zeolite. The surface observation of the nanocatalysts showed the presence of pores and particles, which are quite evenly dispersed on the surface, and no difference was observed in the morphology of the Zn/13X zeolite and Cr /13X zeolite nanocatalysts. In comparison to 13X zeolite, the morphological changes, metal dispersion, and surface area decrease of both Zn/13X and Cr/13X zeolite nanocatalysts could be observed. Pyrolysis tests demonstrated that the use of Zn/13X zeolite and Cr/13X zeolite nanocatalysts could be very profitable to obtain a high conversion to hydrocarbons of the compounds containing oxygen, and consequently, the quality of the bio-oil was improved.

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Effect of temperature and the content of Na2CO3 as a catalyst on the characteristics of bio-oil obtained from the pyrolysis of microalgae

Cited by 23 publications

References 35 publications

Catalytic Pyrolysis of the Green Microalgae Botryococcus braunii over Ni/SBA-15 Prepared by the Ultrasonic-Assisted Sol-Gel Method

Catalytic Pyrolysis of the Green Microalgae Botryococcus braunii over Ni/SBA-15 Prepared by the Ultrasonic-Assisted Sol-Gel Method

Process optimization and technoeconomic environmental assessment of biofuel produced by solar powered microwave pyrolysis

Cr/13X Zeolite and Zn/13X Zeolite Nanocatalysts Used in Pyrolysis of Pretreated Residual Biomass to Produce Bio-Oil with Improved Quality

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