Effect of temperature on the biological parameters of the cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae

Abstract

The cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae, is a pest of many plants of the Brassicaceae family including cabbage, Brassica oleracea Linnaeus, 1753. We investigated the effect of temperature on the biological parameters of B. brassicae using different temperature‐based models incorporated in the Insect Life Cycle Modelling (ILCYM) software. Nymphs of first stage were individually placed in the incubators successively set at 10°C, 15°C, 20°C, 25°C, 30°C, and 35°C; 75 ± 5% RH; and L12: D12‐hr photoperiods. We found that first nymph reached the adult stage after 18.45 ± 0.04 days (10°C), 10.37 ± 0.26 days (15°C), 6.42 ± 0.07 days (20°C), 5.076 ± 0.09 days (25°C), and 5.05 ± 0.10 days (30°C), and failed at 35°C. The lower lethal temperatures for B. brassicae were 1.64°C, 1.57°C, 1.56°C, and 1.62°C with a thermal constant for development of 0.88, 0.87, and 0.08, 0.79 degree/day for nymphs I, II, III, and IV, respectively. The temperatures 10, 30, and 35°C were more lethal than 15, 20, and 25°C. Longevity was highest at 10°C (35.07 ± 1.38 days). Fertility was nil at 30°C and highest at 20°C (46.36 ± 1.73 nymphs/female). The stochastic simulation of the models obtained from the precedent biological parameters revealed that the life table parameters of B. brassicae were affected by the temperature. The net reproduction rate was highest at 20°C and lowest at 30°C. The average generation time decreased from 36.85 ± 1.5 days (15°C) to 6.86 ± 0.1 days (30°C); the intrinsic rate of increase and the finite rate of increase were highest at 25°C. In general, the life cycle data and mathematical functions obtained in this study clearly illustrate the effect of temperature on the biology of B. brassicae. This knowledge will contribute to predicting the changes that may occur in a population of B. Brassiace in response to temperature variation.

Integrating temperature-dependent life table data into Insect Life Cycle Model for predicting the potential distribution of Scapsipedus icipe Hugel & Tanga

“…These findings are in agreement with that of previous studies by Bowling [62], who worked with Acheta domesticus and proof that a shift from 29.4°C to 35°C had a huge impact on the nymphal developmental duration, which decreased by 28 days. The lower development thresholds described by the linear model is in line with that for other insect species [17–18, 36, 63–65]. At the optimal temperature threshold, S .…”

“…At the optimal temperature threshold, S . icipe had the highest survival rate accompanied by short generation time, which are considered as important criteria for mass production [65–66]. According to Patton [67], life table studies obtained under constant temperatures provide useful information on the biology and ecology of insects, which explain the dynamics that might occur within and between S .…”

Thermal Effects on the Population Parameters and Growth of Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

“…Similar results have been reported for Rhopalosiphum padi [35,37,38] and Tuberolachnus salignus [39]. The lengths of the immature stages of other aphid species, such as Nasonovia ribisnigri [40], Aphis punicae [41], Schizaphis graminum [42], Aphis fabae [26], Aphis craccivora [43] and Brevicoryne brassicae [44], decreased up to~25 • C and increased above 25 • C. Total longevity also declined as temperature increased from 10 • C to 30 • C, as has also been observed for A. fabae, R. padi, A. craccivora and B. brassicae. The age-specific survival rate (l x ) curves sharply dropped at earlier ages when the temperatures ranged from 20 • C to 30 • C. Several studies have also shown the detrimental effects of higher temperatures on the survivorship of various aphid species, such as R. padi, Toxoptera aurantii, A. fabae, A. craccivora, Sitobion avenae and Metopolophium dirthodum [45,46].…”

“…Similar results have been reported for Rhopalosiphum padi [ 35 , 37 , 38 ] and Tuberolachnus salignus [ 39 ]. The lengths of the immature stages of other aphid species, such as Nasonovia ribisnigri [ 40 ], Aphis punicae [ 41 ], Schizaphis graminum [ 42 ], Aphis fabae [ 26 ], Aphis craccivora [ 43 ] and Brevicoryne brassicae [ 44 ], decreased up to ~25 °C and increased above 25 °C. Total longevity also declined as temperature increased from 10 °C to 30°C, as has also been observed for A. fabae , R. padi , A. craccivora and B. brassicae .…”

Effect of elevated temperature on the population dynamics of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

“…The number of eggs laid per female increased from 7.00 at 27˚C to 164.86 at 30˚C. Soh et al (2018) 325.12 < 0.000 n = effective replicate number;X = mean value; SE = standard error; F = F value of Tukey's Test; P = statistical significance. Means ± SE followed by different letters in the same row are significantly different at P < 0.…”