Effect of the Ligand Shell Composition on the Dispersibility and Transport of Gold Nanocrystals in Near-Critical Solvents

Fernández, Carlos A.; Bekhazi, Jacky G.; Hoppes, Emily M.; Fryxell, Glen E.; Wang, Chongmin; Bays, J. Timothy; Warner, Marvin G.; Wiacek, Robert J.; Addleman, R. Shane

doi:10.1021/la804058x

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Other simpler systems give a brighter prospect for decisive predictions. One such system is a dilute dispersion of nanoparticles in a nonpolar solvent [17]. One may induce charge separation by adding large counterions to the dispersion [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Singular electrostatic energy of nanoparticle clusters

2016

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The binding of clusters of metal nanoparticles is partly electrostatic. We address difficulties in calculating the electrostatic energy when high charging energies limit the total charge to a single quantum, entailing unequal potentials on the particles. We show that the energy at small separation h has a singular logarithmic dependence on h. We derive a general form for this energy in terms of the singular capacitance of two spheres in near contact c(h), together with nonsingular geometric features of the cluster. Using this form, we determine the energies of various clusters, finding that more compact clusters are more stable. These energies are proposed to be significant for metal-semiconductor binary nanoparticle lattices found experimentally. We sketch how these effects should dictate the relative abundances of metal nanoparticle clusters in nonpolar solvents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Singular electrostatic energy of nanoparticle clusters

2016

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“…Typically, long alkyl-chained ligands create stable colloidal dispersions in nonpolar liquids, whereas ligands containing more hydrophilic terminating groups, or inorganic ligands, favor dispersion in more polar solvents. [55,56] By exchanging the long alkyl-chained ligands, not only does solvent compatibility for a colloidal system change, but also the organic fraction in the NP dispersion can be significantly decreased. [57] The latter acts to improve the resulting charge transport properties of such colloids when deposited as thin films.…”

Section: Ligand Engineering Of Niomentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic Processing of Ligand‐Engineered NiO Nanoparticles for Low‐Temperature Hole‐Transporting Layers in Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2021

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Nickel oxide (NiO) is used as a hole‐transporting layer (HTL) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) because of its high optical transmittance, intrinsic p‐type doping, and suitable valence band energy level. However, fabricating high‐quality NiO films typically requires high‐temperature annealing, which limits their applicability for low‐temperature, printable PSCs. Herein, the need for such postprocessing steps is circumvented by coupling 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) or trimethyloxonium tetrafluoroborate (Me3OBF4) ligand‐modified NiO nanoparticles (NPs) with a Tesla‐valve microfluidic mixer to deposit high‐quality NiO films at a temperature <150 °C. The NP dispersions and the resulting thin films are thoroughly characterized using a combination of optical, structural, thermal, chemical, and electrical methods. While the optical and structural properties of the ligand‐exchanged NiO NPs remain comparable with those possessing the native long‐chained aliphatic ligands, the ligand‐modified NiO thin films exhibit dramatic reductions in surface energy and an increase in hole mobilities. These are correlated with concomitant and significant enhancements in performance and stability factors of PSCs when the ligand‐modified NiO NPs are used as HTL layers within p−i−n device architectures.

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“…In fact, large‐scale industrial application of scCO 2 could be used as a sequestration technique, as CO 2 can be concentrated from air. Supercritical and near supercritical fluids other than scCO 2 such as ethane, [ 62 ] propane, [ 63 ] ammonia, [ 33 ] benzene, [ 63 ] and water [ 32 ] can also be used for the preparation of metal NPs. [ 26 ] However, this has not been considered in this review as they are devoid of the advantages that scCO 2 possess, i.e., the easily accessible critical point.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Metal Nanostructures Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: A Green and Upscalable Process

Siril

Türk

2020

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Metallic nanostructures have numerous applications as industrial catalysts and sensing platforms. Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) is a green medium for the scalable preparation of nanomaterials. Supercritical fluid reactive deposition (SFRD) and other allied techniques can be employed for the mass production of metal nanostructures for various applications. The present article reviews the recent reports on the scCO2‐assisted preparation of zero‐valent metal nanomaterials and their applications. A brief description of the science of pure supercritical fluids, especially CO2, and the basics of binary mixtures composed of scCO2 and a low volatile substance, e.g., an organometallic precursor are presented. The benefits of using scCO2 for preparing metal nanomaterials, especially as a green solvent, are also being highlighted. The experimental conditions that are useful for the tuning of particle properties are reviewed thoroughly. The range of modifications to the classical SFRD methods and the variety of metallic nanomaterials that can be synthesized are reviewed and presented. Finally, the broad ranges of applications that are reported for the metallic nanomaterials that are synthesized using scCO2 are reviewed. A brief summary along with perspectives about future research directions is also presented.

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Effect of the Ligand Shell Composition on the Dispersibility and Transport of Gold Nanocrystals in Near-Critical Solvents

Cited by 9 publications

References 37 publications

Singular electrostatic energy of nanoparticle clusters

Singular electrostatic energy of nanoparticle clusters

Microfluidic Processing of Ligand‐Engineered NiO Nanoparticles for Low‐Temperature Hole‐Transporting Layers in Perovskite Solar Cells

Synthesis of Metal Nanostructures Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide: A Green and Upscalable Process

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